organic chemistry

Question 1

what are hydrocarbons

Answer 1

they are organic compounds that contain only carbons and hydrogen

Question 2

what are the 3 source of fuel

Answer 2

petroleum/ crude oil
methane
coal

Question 3

define homologous series

Answer 3

a family of organic compounds with same functional group and similar chemical properties

Question 4

what are the general characteristics of homologous series

Answer 4

same functional group
same general formula
similar chemical properties
gradual changes in physical properties (as we go down the series)

Question 5

explain how petroleum separated by fractional distillation

Answer 5

heated in a furnace into a vapour and passed into fractionating column
column begins to cool and condense
hot vapour rises and it is collected through fractionating columns based on different boiling points
small hydrocarbons, lower b.p = cool and condense first (collected at the top)
large hydrocarbons, high b.p = cool and condense later (collect at the bottom)

Question 6

what is the order of collecting hydrocarbons

Answer 6

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Petroleum gas 
Petrol
Naphta
Kerosene
Disel oil
Lubricating oil 
Bitumen

Question 7

what are the properties as we go down the order of the collecting hydrocarbons

Answer 7

high boiling points
viscosity increases
flammability decreases