Period 7 Must-Know Terms Flashcards
What was the Closing of the Frontier?
Should America expand into Latin America and overseas?
What was the White Man’s Burden?
The belief that western Europe and the US have to civilize the world
Who were Jingos?
Nationalistic and pro-imperialism politicians and newspapers
Who was an example of an Anti-Imperialist?
Mark Twain
What was the Spanish-American War
A War between Spain and the US over overseas territories like the Phillipines. War began because of Yellow Journalists and soured the public taste over imperialism
What was Big Stick Diplomacy and who used it?
Teddy Roosevelt and he believed in having a big military/navy to intimidate other nations
What was Dollar Diplomacy and who used it?
Taft and believed on in using the US economic strengths such as big businesses to invest in other nations to sway their diplomacy in favor of the United States
What was Moral Diplomacy and who used it?
Woodrow Wilson and he believed in spreading democracy and freedom across the world to make the world safe for democracy
Who were Progressives?
Middle-class reformers in the late 18th and well into the 19th century. Sought to apply principles of professions to society to improve it. Had a strong faith in progress and in the well-educated and advocated for social change
Who was Jane Addams?
An example of social gospel and a reformer. Created the Hull House in Chicago to educate immigrants
What was the Settlement Hull Houses?
- Goal of aiding and americanizing immigrants
- English and culture classes
- Provided other social services
- First established in Chicago
What was the Sierra Club?
- Founded by John Muir - a well-known preservationist
- An environmental organization working to preserve America’s national spaces for its beauty and recreation
- Lobbied politicians for National Parks
Who was John Muir
A well-known preservationist
Which environmental group advocated for national parks and which would advocated for national forests?
Preservationists advocated for national parks
Conservationists advocated for national forests
What are National Forests
Forests managed for both industry and recreation
What are Muckrakers?
A progressive group that crosses over from the social gospel movement. They were investigative journalists who wrote long form pieces for magazines and books
What’s an example of a muckraker who exposed corporate and government corruption?
Ida Tarbell and the History of Standard Oil
What’s an example of a Muckraker who exposed terrible living and working conditions?
Jacob Riis and How the Other Half Lives
What’s an example of a muckraker who exposed poor food safety?
Sinclair and the Jungle
What’s an example of a muckraker who exposed civil rights issues?
Ida B. Wells and the Southern Horrors
What was the 16th Ammendment?
The Ammendment that instituted the gradual income tax
What was the 17th Ammendments?
Allowed for direct election of Senators instead them being elected by state legislators
What was the 18th Ammendment?
Prohibition
What was the 19th Ammendment?
Universal Women’s Suffrage
What were the Sedition and Espionage Acts of 1917/1918?
- WW1 was not super popular and Debs and others protested. These acts limited free speech and people that talked poorly of the war effort would be prosecuted
What was the Supreme Court Case Schenck V. U.S.?
Schneck delivered leaflets against the draft and wascharged with violating the Espionage Act. challenged the Espionage Act as a violation of free speech but the Supreme Court decidethat wartime powers could limit rights and that speech that possesses a clear and present danger.
What were some examples of WIlson’s 14-points plans?
Freedom of the Sea, creation of the League of Nations, and no secret treaties.
Who led the charge against the League of Nations?
Henry Cabot Lodge
What President marked the end of the Progressive Era?
Harding in 1920.
What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
An example of Harding’s scandalous presidency in which his Secretary of the Interior Albert Land was found taking bribes from oil companies.
What were the Palmer Raids?
Raids led by A. Mitchell Palmer which targeted radicals during the Red Scare. They targeted radicals such as Web.
What was a cause of the xenophobia of the 1920s against immigrants?
The Palmer Raids and the Red Scare
What was the second rise of the KKK?
The KKK had almost 5 million members and expanded their hatred towards anything non-white such as immigrants
What were some acts which limited Immigration in the early 1920s?
The Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and the National Origin Act of 1934
What was the Sacco & Vanzetti Case?
Italian Immigrants who were charged and ruled guilty of murder despite little real evidence. It showed the anti-immigrant sentiment of the 1920s.
What was the Lost Generation?
A term that describes a period of malaise after WW1, and short but deep recession and the Spanish Flu.
- Many people questioned the importance of WW1
What was an example of an author that defined the Lost Generation?
Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway, and F. Scott Fitzgerald
What was a piece of work that arose during the Lost Generation?
The Great Gatsby which criticized decadence and the death of the American Dream
What was Prohibition?
The passage of the 18th Amendment and the Volstead Act Which outlawed the sale, distribution, and manufacture of alcohol in 1921
What was a negative consequence of Prohibition?
Led to a rise of criminal activity and organizations. (The Mafia and Al Gore)
What led to the rise of jazz in the 20th century
Prohibition and the rise of speakeasies since people had extra money in their pockets
What was the Great Migration?
The mass migration of African Americans to northern cities such as Chicago and St. Louis to fill factory vacancies from men fighting in WW1 and the need for more supply
What was the Harlem Renaissance?
New York had a flourishing AA community in Harlem which led to AA artists, musicians, and thinkers producing influential great works across a variety of topics. This included Langston Hughes
What were Fundamentalists?
Christians who took all of the words of the Bible seriously
What were Modernists?
Christians accepting of changing society such as jazz, consumerism, and immigration
What was the Scopes Monkey Trial?
A public school teacher in Tennessee was put on trial for teaching about Darwinism in school and led to an increase in modernism as fundamentalists appear silly with their backwards logic
What were the major causes of the Great Depression?
- Overvalues stocks and margin trading
- Decrease in global trade and increase in protectionism with high tariffs
- Farmers hurt by low commodity prices
- Increase in inventories/overproduction
- Bank Failures
What was the Dust Bowl?
An ecological disaster during the Great Depression and caused many migrants to move to California for work
