APUSH Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the Pueblo people?

A
  • Native farmers who spent their time harvesting crop like maize
  • Had Irrigation Systems set up
  • Small urban systems made of hardened clay bricks
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2
Q

What were the Great Basin Natives like and what’s an example of one?

A

-Nomadic people who hunted buffalo
- Divided themselves into small egalitarian kinship bands
- The Utes

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

What were the West Coast Natives like?

A
  • Built more permanent villages reliant on fishing
  • Chumash people
    Chinook people
  • Extensive plank houses
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5
Q

What were the Iroquois people like?

A
  • Northeast
  • lived Communally in long houses
  • Abundant timber
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6
Q

What were the Natives who lived in the Mississippi River Valley like?

A
  • Farmers because of the rich soil
  • Participated in trade along the Mississippi
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7
Q

What was the Cahokia Settlement?

A

A Mississippi River settlement by natives that participated in trade and was quite large

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8
Q

What was one example of some new maritime technology that facilitated European colonization of the Americas?

A
  • Astrolabe
  • Lateen Sail
  • Stern Rudder
  • Compass
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9
Q

What were some foods spread from the Americas to Europe during the Columbian Exchange?

A
  • Potatoes
  • Maize
  • Tomatoes
  • Squash
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10
Q

What were some examples of food spread from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange?

A
  • Wheat
  • Rice
  • Soybeans
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11
Q

What was an animal spread from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia during the Columbian Exchange?

A

Turkeys

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12
Q

What was an animal spread from Afro-Eurasia to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange?

A
  • Pigs
  • Cattle
  • Horses
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13
Q

What were some examples of diseases spread from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange?

A

Smallpox

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14
Q

What is capitalism? What’s an example of how capitalism led to colonization of the Americas?

A
  • An economic system based on private ownership and free exchange
  • It led to joint-stock companies which funded overseas ventures to the Americas during
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15
Q

What was the Econmienda System and who practiced it?

A

A colonial labor system in which the Spanish, known as econmerendos, enslaved native people to farm and mine in the Americas during

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16
Q

What were some problems that arose from the Econmienda System for the Spanish?

A
  • The Spanish had a hard time keeping natives enslaved
  • The natives kept dying due to smallpox
17
Q

What was the Casta System?

A

A reorganized system of society introduced by the Spanish that reorganized people based on the their racial pureness.

18
Q

What are some examples of levels of the Casta System?

A
  • Creoles
  • Peninsulares
  • Mullatoes
19
Q

What were some practices that the Natives taught the Europeans?

A
  • How to hunt in the forests
  • How to cultivate maize
20
Q

What were some practices introduced by the Europeans to the Natives?

A
  • Iron tools and weapons
21
Q

What were some ways that the Spanish justified the hardships the inflicted on Natives?

A

People like Sepulveda argued that Natives were indeed subhuman and they benefitted from the harsh labor conditions

22
Q

Who was an example of someone who argued against Sepulveda and the view that Natives were subhuman?

A
  • Las Casas and persuaded the king to pass laws that prohibited Native slavery temporarily
23
Q

How did Europeans use religion to justify their superiority over Africans?

A

By interpreting black skin as a mark of sinfulness