Period 5.7-5.12

Question 1

Secession

Answer 1

The separation of eleven Southern states from the Union because of the North’s worsening view of slavery. This action sparked the Civil War

Question 2

Fort Sumter

Answer 2

Federal fort in South Carolina which was the site of the battle that began the Civil War. The attack on the fort and its capture by Southern States united the North in a movement to preserve the Union.

Question 3

Confederate States of America

Answer 3

Made up of the Southern states that seceded from the Union, it had a Constitution modeled after the US’s with a few limitations. It was chronically broke and severely unorganized.

Question 4

Anaconda Plan

Answer 4

Use the U.S. Navy to blockade Southern Ports, take control of the Mississippi River, and conquer Richmond.

Question 5

Antietam

Answer 5

Battle in which Lee led his forces into Maryland, hoping to achieve a victory on Union soil, convincing foreign powers to assist the Confederacy. While ultimately a draw, this translated to a major Confederate defeat.

Question 6

Gettysburg

Answer 6

Major turning point in the Eastern Front, Lee invaded Southern Pennsylvania in hopes of demoralizing the North. After the bloodiest battle of the war, the Union emerged victorious, permanently putting the Confederacy on the defensive.

Question 7

Sherman’s March

Answer 7

Campaign of deliberate destruction led by General Sherman, breaking the South by ruining infrastructure and food supply.

Question 8

Habeas Corpus

Answer 8

Right that was suspended by the Union in states with Confederate sympathies that allowed people to be arrested without being informed of the charges against them, resulting in many bring jailed without trial.

Question 9

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 9

Declaration of Abraham Lincoln that all slaves within Confederate states would now be recognized as free by the government.

Question 10

Copperheads

Answer 10

Also known as Peace Democrats, a political group within the Union that wished to make peace with the Confederacy and opposed the war.

Question 11

Gettysburg Address

Answer 11

Speech made by Lincoln after the Battle of Gettysburg that discussed the idea of this war bringing greater freedom to the country.

Question 12

Homestead Act

Answer 12

Promoted settlement of the Great Plains by offering large parcels of land for free to anyone who farmed the land for 5 years. This helped many whites but few African Americans.

Question 13

Reconstruction

Answer 13

Period after the Civil War during which Northern political leaders created plans for the governance of the South and a procedure for former Southern states to rejoin the Union

Question 14

Wade-Davis Bill

Answer 14

Bill in which Congress, objecting to Lincoln’s 10% plan, required 50% of voters in a state to take a loyalty oath before reestablishing its government. In addition, only non-Confederates could vote for the state Constitution.

Question 15

Freedmen’s Bureau

Answer 15

Agency created by Congress that acted as a welfare agency for both Black and White Americans destitute by the war. Initially had the authority to resettle people, but turned its attention to education of freedpeople.

Question 16

13th Amendment

Answer 16

Removed the institution of slavery from the entire US, including the previously unaffected border states.

Question 17

14th Amendment

Answer 17

Declared that all people in the US were citizens, states must respect the rights of all citizens, disqualified former Confederate leaders from holding office, penalized states if they kept eligible citizens from voting.

Question 18

15th Amendment

Answer 18

Prohibited any state from denying a citizen’s right to vote based on race. However, this did not prevent states from passing other voting restrictions that disproportionately affected African Americans.

Question 19

Scalawags

Answer 19

Term given to Southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction after the Civil War.

Question 20

Carpetbaggers

Answer 20

Term given to a person who moved from the North to the South during the Reconstruction period for various reasons.

Question 21

Credit Mobilier

Answer 21

Corrupt economic affair in which insiders gave stock to influential members of Congress to avoid an investigation of the profits they were making from government subsidies and building the Transcontinental Railroad.

Question 22

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 22

Secret society founded by former Confederate general Nathaniel Bedford Forrest. The group burned black-owned buildings and flogged and murdered thousands of freedmen to keep them from exercising Period after the Civil War during which Northern political leaders created plans for the governance of the South and a procedure for former Southern states to rejoin the Unio voting rights.

Question 23

Black Codes

Answer 23

Conservative-dominated Southern state legislatures passed these codes that restricted rights of African Americans: they could not rent land, testify against whites in court, and they had to sign work agreements or be arrested for vagrancy.

Question 24

Sharecropping

Answer 24

System created to keep slaves dependent on their former masters, the landlord would provide seed and farm supplies in return for a share of the harvest.

Question 25

Compromise of 1877

Answer 25

Allowed Republican Rutherford Hayes to win the election in return for ending federal support for Republicans in the South and support the building of a Southern Transcontinental railroad.