Period 3.1-3.7

Question 1

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 1

Document written by Benjamin Franklin and agreed upon at a gathering of representatives from each of the colonies that provided an inter-colonial government and a system for recruiting troops and collecting taxes during the 7 years war. Fell apart but set an important precedent.

Question 2

Salutary Neglect

Answer 2

Policy in which Britain exercised little direct control over the colonies and had not enforced its navigation acts.

Question 3

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 3

British proclamation that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian mountains. Was met with defiance by the colonies.

Question 4

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Answer 4

Chief Pontiac, leader of an alliance of Native American tribes, led an assault on British forts and settlements from NY to VA in retaliation for continued colonial expansion. Was put down by a British force rather than a colonial one

Question 5

Parliament

Answer 5

Governing body of Britain that also exercised control over the colonies which those living in the colonies felt oppressed by due to lack of representation.

Question 6

Quartering Act

Answer 6

Required colonists to provide food and living quarters for British soldiers stationed in the colonies

Question 7

Stamp Act

Answer 7

Required that revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies in an effort to raise funds for Britain. Represented the first direct tax colonists had to pay to the mainland.

Question 8

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 8

A secret society organized for the purpose of intimidating tax agents. Members sometimes destroyed revenue stamps and tarred and feathered revenue officials.

Question 9

Boston Tea Party

Answer 9

The dumping of hundreds of chests of tea into the Boston harbor in response to Britain’s Tea Acts.

Question 10

Coercive Acts

Answer 10

Four acts directed at punishing Boston and Massachusetts, included the Port Act, The Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, and the expansion of the Quartering Act.

Question 11

Enlightenment

Answer 11

European movement in literature and philosophy that spread to the colonies. Placed an emphasis on reason as a tool for humanity’s problems and was led by thinkers such as John Locke, who argued that sovereignty rested in the people and not the state (social contract).

Question 12

Deism

Answer 12

The religion of many Enlightenment figures, believed in a God that created the universe and its laws but does not intervene directly in human lives

Question 13

Social Contract

Answer 13

The concept of an agreement among people to form a government to promote liberty and equality. Broke from the idea of “divine right” monarchs, was derived from philosophers such as Locke and developed further by Rousseau

Question 14

First Continental Congress

Answer 14

Convention in which delegates from every colony except Georgia met in Philadelphia to respond to what the delegates viewed as Britain’s threats to their liberties. This was not yet a revolutionary or independence driven council.

Question 15

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 15

Delegates from the colonies sent this petition to King George III in which they pledged their loyalty to the crown and asked the King to intercede with Parliament to secure peace and the protection of colonial rights.

Question 16

Patriots

Answer 16

Mostly from NE region and Virginia and was made up of temporary militiamen who would leave home for a time to fight against the British and then return to their farms.

Question 17

Declaration of Independence

Answer 17

Written by 5 delegates, including Jefferson, who formed a committee to write a resolution supporting colonial independence. Listed grievances against the British government and expressed the principles that justified revolution.

Question 18

Loyalists

Answer 18

Colonists who sided with the British army during the revolution. They were also called the Tories and were most powerful in major port cities.

Question 19

Republican Motherhood

Answer 19

The name given to the new view of the status given to women that called for educating women so they could teach their children the values of the new republic and their roles as citizens. Women now had a more active political role, but it was still one carried out in the home.

Question 20

Daughters of Liberty

Answer 20

Group of women organized to oppose British action that boycotted British goods before the war and supplied supplies to the Revolutionary Army during the war.

Question 21

Articles of Confederation

Answer 21

Document that organized the new, intentionally weak form of central government and was written by the Second Continental Congress during the war. This government was formed with distrust and a lack of colonial cooperation, and was largely ineffective.

Question 22

Northwest Ordinance

Answer 22

Law passed by Congress that set the rules for creating new states. Granted limited self government to the Northwest Territory and prohibited slavery in the region.

Question 23

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 23

Massachusetts farmer and veteran Daniel Shays led other farmers in an uprising against high state taxes, imprisonment for debt, and lack of paper money. Was put down by the state militia of Massachusetts.