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Chemistry > Period 3 - Elements And Oxidies > Flashcards

Period 3 - Elements And Oxidies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the metals in period 3 that react with cold water?

A
  • Sodium
  • Magnesium
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2
Q

Aluminium reacts with…

A

Steam

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3
Q

What happens when sodium reacts with cold water

A
  • Floats, fizzes, moves across the surface, melts into a ball
  • pH 13-15

2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2

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4
Q

What happens when magnesium reacts with cold water?

A
  • slower reaction, bubbles cling to Mg, dissolves after a few days
  • pH: 10

Mg + 2H2O -> Mg(OH)2 + H2

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5
Q

Why is Mg(OH)2 less alkali than NaOH?

A

Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble so less [OH-]

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6
Q

How does Mg react with steam

A
  • bright white flame
  • white solid produced
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7
Q

How does aluminium react with steam

A
  • bright white flame, white solid produced

2Al + 3H2O -> Al2O3 + 3H2

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8
Q

How are the oxides of Period 3 prepared?

A
  • By the direct reaction with oxygen
  • all reactions are exothermic
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9
Q

What is the reaction of Na with O2

A
  • orange flame white smoke

4Na + O2 -> 2Na2O

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10
Q

What is the reaction for the addition of water to sodium oxide

A

Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH

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11
Q

What is the reaction of Mg with oxygen?

A
  • bright white flame, white solid produced

2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO

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12
Q

What is the reaction of MgO with water?

A

MgO + H2O -> Mg(OH)2

PH 9-10

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13
Q

What is the reaction of aluminium and oxygen?

A
  • Bright white flame, white solid produced

4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3

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14
Q

What is the reaction between silicon and oxygen?

A

Si + O2 -> SiO2

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15
Q

What is the reaction of phosphorus with oxygen?

A
  • bright yellow flame, white smoke
  • P4 + 5O2 -> P4O10
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16
Q

What is the reaction between phosphorus (V) oxide and water?

A

P4O10 + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4

PH 1-2

17
Q

What is the reaction of sulfur with oxygen?

A
  • Blue flame and misty fumes
  • S + O2 -> SO2
  • S + 3/2 O2 -> SO3
18
Q

What are the acids formed from sulfur dioxide/trioxide?

A

H2SO3 + H2SO4

19
Q

Which sulfuric acid is more acidic

A

H2SO4

20
Q

Why does MgO have a higher boiling point than Na2O

A

Giant ionic

  • Mg2+ is more charge dense
21
Q

Why does Al2O3 have a lower melting point than MgO

A

As it has covalent character
- weakens the ionic bond

22
Q

Why does SiO2 have a high melting point

A

Giant covalent structure

23
Q

Why does P4O10, SO3 and SO2 have low melting points

A

Simple molecular
- strong covalent bonds between atoms
- weak VDW between molecules
- bigger the molecule more e-

24
Q

H3PO4, H2SO3 and H2SO4 are…

A

Oxoacids

25
Q

What is formed when an oxoacid dissociates

A

Oxoanions

26
Q

What is the shape of the oxoanion for phosphoric acid?

A
  • tetrahedral 109.5
27
Q

What is the shape for the oxoanion of H2SO3

A

Trigonal pyramidal 107

28
Q

What is the shape of the oxoanion for H2SO4

A

Tetrahedral 109.5

29
Q

Na2O and MgO are basic/acidic oxides

A

Basic

30
Q

Al2O3 is a …………. Oxide

A

Amphoteric

31
Q

Why does Al2O3 have acidic and basic properties

A

The Al-O bond has covalent character

32
Q

How does Al2O3 react with a base?

A

It reacts with hot concentrated sodium hydroxide to make sodium aluminate

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O -> 2NaAl(OH)4

33
Q

Describe the properties of the oxides: SiO2, P4O10, SO2 and SO3

A

Acidic

34
Q

What is the equation for the reaction between SiO2 and NaOH?

A

SiO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SiO3 + H2O

Sodium silicate

35
Q

What is the reaction between P4O10 and NaOH

A

P4O10 + 12 NaOH -> 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O

Sodium phosphate

36
Q

What is the reaction between SO2/SO3 and NaOH

A

SO2/3 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO3/4 + H2O

Chemistry (15 decks)

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