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Chemistry > Acid & Bases > Flashcards

Acid & Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry Acid

A

A proton donor

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2
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base

A
  • proton acceptor
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3
Q

What is a hydronium ion

A

H3O+

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4
Q

When acids and bases react…

A

The products formed also behave as either acids or bases

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5
Q

A strong acid is ………… dissociated

A

Completely

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6
Q

A weak acid is …………… dissociated

A

Partially
CH3COOH <-> H+ + CH3COO-

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7
Q

What is the ‘strength’ of an acid

A

The extent to which the acid disassociates

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8
Q

What is the concentration of an acid?

A

Number of moles of acid per unit volume

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9
Q

What is protocisity

A

Tells you how many protons are released when an acid disassociates

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10
Q

What is basicity?

A
  • tells you how many OH_ are released
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11
Q

A strong base is…

A

Completely dissociated
NaOH -> Na+ + OH-

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12
Q

A weak base is…

A

Partially dissociated

NH3 + H2O <-> NH4+ + OH-

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13
Q

Write an equation to show the waters slight dissociation

A

H2O <-> H+ + OH-

Forwards reaction is endothermic

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14
Q

What is Kw?

A

The ionic product of water
[H+][OH-]

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15
Q

What is Kw at 298K

A

Kw = 1X10^-14 mol2dm-6

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16
Q

What does is the effect an increase in temperature has on the dissociation of water

A
  • forward endothermic reaction is favoured
  • p.o.e shifts to RHS
  • higher [H+][OH-]
  • Kw increase
17
Q

Why is pure water always neutral?

A

[H+] = [OH-]

18
Q

How do you calculate the pH of pure water at different temperatures

A

Kw = [H+][OH-]
Kw = [H+]^2
Root of Kw = H+

PH = -log10[H+]

19
Q

How do you calculate [OH-]

A

Kw/[H+]

20
Q

What is the equation for the dissociation of a weak acid HA, in water?

A

HA + H2O <-> H3O+ + A-

21
Q

Why is the concentration of water with a weak acid effectively constant?

A
  • very few molecules are protonated as a weak acid is only partially dissociated
22
Q

What is Ka

A

Kc * [H2O]

([H3O+][A-])/[HA]

23
Q

How do you get pKa from Ka?

A

-logKa

24
Q

What is Ka for weak acids and why?

A

X2/a
[H+][A-]/[HA]

  • the extent to which HA dissociates is very small so X is very much smaller than a
  • follows that the value a-x is essentially equal to a

Chemistry (13 decks)

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