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AQA A-Level Chemistry > Period 3 and their oxides > Flashcards

Period 3 and their oxides Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the general pattern of first ionisation energies across period 3

A

Generally increases, though decreases from:
Mg to Al
P to S

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2
Q

A period 3 element reacts with cold water to produce hydrogen gas and a hydroxide. Which element is it?

A

Na

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3
Q

A period 3 element reacts with cold water to produce hydrogen gas and a hydroxide, but only very slowly. Which element is it?

A

Mg

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4
Q

Mg reacts with cold water to produce hydrogen gas and a hydroxide. When it reacts steam, the products are slightly different. What are they?

A

MgO and hydrogen Gas

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5
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between Na and cold water

A

2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) –> 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)

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6
Q

Is the reaction between Na and cold water fast or slow?

A

Fast

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7
Q

Is the reaction between Mg and cold water fast or slow?

A

Very slow

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8
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between Mg and cold water

A

2Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) –> 2Mg(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

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9
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between Mg and steam

A

Mg (s) + H2O (g) –> MgO (s) + H2 (g)

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10
Q

What is formed when period 3 elements react with oxygen?

A

Their oxides

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11
Q

An element is reacted with oxygen. It burns with a yellow flame to produce a white solid. What is the element?

A

Na

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12
Q

An element is reacted with oxygen. It burns with a white flame to produce a white solid smoke. What is/are the elements?

A

Mg, Al, Si and P

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13
Q

An element is reacted with oxygen. It burns with a blue flame to produce an acidic choking gas. What is the element?

A

S

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14
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and Na

A

4Na (s) + O2 (g) –> 2Na2O (s)

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15
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and Mg

A

2Mg (s) + O2 (g) –> 2MgO (s)

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16
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and Al

A

4Al (s) + 3O2 (g) –> 2Al2O3 (s)

17
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and Si

A

Si + O2 (g) –> SiO2 (s)

18
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and P

A

4P + 5O2 (g) –> P4O10 (s)

19
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction of O2 and S

A

S + O2 (g) –> SO2 (g)

20
Q

Sodium and phosphorous will react with air to form their oxides. How are they stored to prevent this?

A

Na in oil
P under water

21
Q

Describe and explain which oxide out of P4O10 and SO2 has the higher melting point

A

P4O10 has the higher melting point
Bigger molecule and so will have larger Van der Waals forces

22
Q

Why does aluminium metal not corrode?

A

It is protected by a thin layer of Al2O3 (s)
It has a high lattice strength and is insoluble, so is impermeable to air and water

23
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and Na2O

A

Na2O + H2O –> 2Na+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq)

24
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and MgO

A

MgO + H2O –> Mg(OH)2 (s)

25
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and Al2O3

A

Doesn’t react
Ionic lattice too strong

26
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and SiO2

A

Doesn’t react
Macromolecular structure - strong covalent bonds

27
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and P4O10

A

P4O10 + 6H2O –> 4H3PO4 (aq)

28
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and SO2

A

SO2 +H2O –> H2SO3 (aq)

29
Q

Give an equation to show the reaction between water and SO3

A

SO3 + H2O –> H2SO4

30
Q

A metal oxide reacts with water to give product(s) with pH 13. What is the metal oxide?

A

Na2O

31
Q

A metal oxide reacts with water to give product(s) with pH 9. What is the metal oxide?

A

MgO

32
Q

Both MgO and Na2O react with water to give alkaline products. However, the pH of the MgO product is pH9, whilst the pH of the Na2O product is pH13. Why is MgO’s lower?

A

MgO has a higher lattice strength, and so is only slightly soluble in water. This means fewer free OH- ions are produced

33
Q

A metal oxide reacts with water to give product(s) with pH 0. What is/are the metal oxides?

A

P4O10 and SO3

34
Q

A metal oxide reacts with water to give product(s) with pH 3. What is the metal oxide?

A

SO2

35
Q

Give an equation to show the ions formed in solution when SO2 reacts with water

A

SO2 + H2O –> H+ + HSO3-

36
Q

Give an equation to show the ions formed in solution when SO3 reacts with water

A

SO3 + H2O –> H+ + HSO4-

37
Q

Al2O3 is amphoteric. Give two ionic equations to show this

A

Al2O3 + 6H+ –> 2Al3+ + 3H2O (as an acid)
Al2O3 + 2OH- + 3H2O –> 2Al(OH)4- (aq)

AQA A-Level Chemistry (36 decks)

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