Perio: Periodontal Ligament & Cementum

Question 1

Describe the structure and function of the periodontal ligament

Answer 1

• Thin sheet of fibrous connective tissue
• Thickness varies depending on age and
  function of tooth
• Fibroblasts are responsible for the production
  of fibrous matrix and ground substance
• Fibres are arranged in bundles located within
  the alveolar bone proper and cementum

Question 2

Define ankylosis and discuss occurrence and characteristics of it

Answer 2

Question 3

Recall the physical properties and functions of cementum

Answer 3

Cementum
Functions
* Maintains the integrity of the root
* Helps maintain the tooth’s functional position in the mouth
* Seals the dentinal tubules
* Involved in tooth repair and regeneration

Question 4

Explain the differences between cellular and acellular cementum

Answer 4

Question 5

Describe the relationship of cementum to enamel at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
and recall the classification system used to describe this relationship.

Answer 5

Question 6

Explain factors / conditions that affect cementum thickness and initiate formation

Answer 6

Question 7

Define hypercementosis and its aetiology

Answer 7

Question 8

Explain key clinical considerations related to the composition and function of cementum

Answer 8

Clinical Considerations:
* Cementum is essential for tooth anchorage
* It mediates attachment of the tooth to the gingival connective tissue as well
as the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone
* Cementum protects the tooth as it is less susceptible to resorption (loss of
substance)
* This allows for safe orthodontic movement without damage
* During the removal of calculus and bacterial deposits, thin layers of
cementum are removed