Perineum Anatomy Flashcards
List the muscles located in the superficial perineal pouch
Bulbospongiosus
Ichiocavernosus
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
Which muscles attach to the perineal body?
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
Deep transverse perineal muscle
External anal sphincter
List the muscles located in the deep perineal pouch
Deep transverse perineal muscle
External urethral sphincter
Which nerve innervates bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus?
Deep branch of the perineal nerve (branch of pudendal nerve, S2-S4)
Which nerve innervates the superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles and the external urethral sphincter?
Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris
Which muscle is responsible for maintaining an erection of the penis/clitoris?
Ischiocavernosus
Which muscle acts as a sphincter for the vagina?
Bulbospongiosus
What structure separates the perineal pouches?
Perineal membrane
Which structure is immediately deep to the deep perineal pouch?
Pelvic floor (levator ani)
List the structures present in the deep perineal pouch (aside from muscles)
Urethra
Bulbourethral glands in males
List the structures present in the superficial perineal pouch (aside from muscles)
Erectile tissue - penis/clitoris
Bartholin’s glands in females
What mainly fills the ischio-anal fossae?
Fat
What is the main function of the ischio-anal fossae?
To allow the anal canal to expand during defaecation
Which neurovascular bundle passes through the ischio-anal canal?
Pudendal (Alcock’s) canal
- contains pudendal nerve, artery and vein
- enters fossae via lesser sciatic foramina
Which muscle forms the lateral border of each ischio-anal fossae?
Obturator internus
