Male Repro Anatomy

Question 1

What is the name of the fibrous capsule surrounding the testis?

Answer 1

Tunica albuginea

Question 2

What is the name of the external covering of the testis? What are the two layers of this covering?

Answer 2

Tunica vaginalis

• parietal layer
• visceral layer

Question 3

What are the functions of the epididymis?

Answer 3

Accumulation, storage and maturation of spermatozoa

Question 4

What name is given to the microvilli in the epididymis epithelium?

Answer 4

Stercocelia

Question 5

What forms the septa that separate the lobules in the testes?

Answer 5

Invaginations of tunica albuginea

Question 6

Where are spermatozoa produced?

Answer 6

Seminiferous tubules of the testes

Question 7

What cells make up the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 7

Sertoli cells; tall simple columnar cells, which span from the basement membrane to the lumen. They form pockets around the proliferating and differentiating germ cells. They are connected by tight junctions.

Question 8

What cells are present in the interstitium between seminiferous tubules?

Answer 8

Leydig cells; form blood-testis barrier and produce testicular fluid

Question 9

Describe the innervation of the testes

Answer 9

Innervated by the testicular plexus; derivative of renal and aortic plexi, contain autonomic and sensory fibres

Question 10

At which vertebral level do the testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta?

Answer 10

L2

Question 11

From what are the testicular veins derived?

Answer 11

The pampiniform plexus of the scrotum

Question 12

Where do the testicular veins drain?

Answer 12

Left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein

Right testicular vein drains into the IVC

Question 13

Describe the lymphatic drainage of the testes

Answer 13

Testes and epididymis drain into lumbar and para-aortic nodes at L1
Scrotum drains into the superficial inguinal nodes

Question 14

What is the role of the pampiniform venous plexus?

Answer 14

Thermoregulation of the testes

Question 15

Describe the muscular layers of the ductus deferens

Answer 15

1. Inner longitudinal muscle layer
2. Middle circular muscle layer
3. Outer longitudinal muscle layer

Question 16

What is the role of the seminal vesicles?

Answer 16

Produce seminal fluid; makes up a large proportion of semen.

Question 17

Give four constituents of seminal fluid

Answer 17

Alkaline fluid
Fructose
Prostaglandins
Clotting factors

Question 18

What sort of epithelium lines the seminal vesicles?

Answer 18

Pseudostratified tall columnar epithelium

Question 19

Which arteries supply the seminal vesicles?

Answer 19

Inferior vesical artery
Internal pudendal artery
Middle rectal artery

Question 20

Describe the internal structure of seminal vesicles

Answer 20

Honeycombed, lobular structure

Question 21

What are corpora amylacea?

Answer 21

Thickened prostatic fluid that accumulates in the glands of the prostate, particularly in older men

Question 22

What is the function of the prostate?

Answer 22

Secretes citric acid and proteolytic enzymes into the semen

Question 23

Which part of the prostate encloses the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 23

Central zone of the prostate

Question 24

Which zone of the prostate encloses the prostatic urethra?

Answer 24

Transitional zone

Question 25

What group of nerves innervates the prostate?

Answer 25

Inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 26

Describe the blood supply to the prostate

Answer 26

Prostatic arteries | Prostatic venous plexus

Question 27

What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 27

Produce mucus which acts as lubrication during sexual arousal

Question 28

Where are the bulbourethral glands located?

Answer 28

Posterolateral to the membranous urethra, superior to the bulb of the penis

Question 29

Where do the ducts of the bulbourethral glands open?

Answer 29

Into the proximal portion of the spongy urethra

Question 30

Describe the innervation of the bulbourethral glands

Answer 30

SYmpathetic innervation from the prostatic plexus

Question 31

Describe the histology of the bulbourethral glands

Answer 31

Compound tubulo-alveolar glands, lined by columnar epithelium

Question 32

What type of epithelium lines the urethra?

Answer 32

Stratified columnar epithelium

Question 33

How long is the male urethra?

Answer 33

15-20cm

Question 34

What are the four anatomical parts of the male urethra?

Answer 34

Pre-prostatic (intramural) Prostatic Membranous Spongy

Question 35

Which structures does the membranous urethra pass through?

Answer 35

Pelvic floor | Deep perineal pouch

Question 36

Which muscle surrounds the membranous urethra?

Answer 36

External anal sphincter

Question 37

What are the three anatomical parts of the penis?

Answer 37

Root (most proximal) Body Glans (most distal)

Question 38

What names are given to the erectile tissues present in the root of the penis?

Answer 38

``` Two crura (part of the corpa cavernosa) Bulb of penis (part of the corpus spongiosum) ```

Question 39

Which two muscles make up part of the root of the penis?

Answer 39

Ischiocavernosus | Bulbospongiosus

Question 40

What names are given to the erectile tissues of the body of the penis?

Answer 40

``` Two corpa cavernosa (continuation of the crura) Corpus spongiosum (continuation of the bulb of the penis) ```

Question 41

Which part of the penis contains the spongy urethra?

Answer 41

Corpus spongiosum

Question 42

Which erectile tissue forms the glans?

Answer 42

Corpus spongiosum (distal part)

Question 43

Which two ligaments support the penis?

Answer 43

Suspensory ligament | Fundiform ligament

Question 44

Which spinal nerve roots innervate the penis?

Answer 44

S2-S4

Question 45

Which nerve supplies sensory and sympathetic innervation to the penis?

Answer 45

dorsal nerve of the penis

Question 46

Which nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the penis? What is the outcome of this parasympathetic excitation?

Answer 46

Prostatic nerve plexus | Erection

Question 47

Which arteries supply the penis? From which artery do these arise?

Answer 47

Dorsal arteries of the penis Deep arteries of the penis Bulbourethral artery (All are branches of the internal pudendal nerve)

Question 48

Which veins drain the penis? Where do they drain?

Answer 48

Deep dorsal vein of penis Superficial dorsal veins (All drain into the prostatic venous plexus)