Perineum Flashcards
What is the shape of the perineum
Diamond shaped
What are the superior of inferior borders of the perineum
Superior:
- Pelvic diaphragm
- Superficial Fascia
Inferior:
-Skin
What traverses the perineum
Anal canal
Urethra
Vagina
What are the two sections that the perineum is divided into
Anterior - Urogenital triangle
Posterior - Anal triangle
What are the boundaries of the perineum
Anterior
-pubic symphysis
Posterior
- inferior sacrum
- coccyx
Anterolateral
-ischiopubic rami
Lateral
-Ischial tuberosities
Posterolaterally
-sacrotuberous ligaments
What are the contents of the anal canal
Anal canal and anus
External and internal anal sphincters
Ischiorectal fossa
SAME IN BOTH MALE AND FEMALE
What are the contents of the urogenital triangle
Female:
- Membranous and distal urethra
- vagina
- vulva
- erectile bodies of vulva
Male:
- Membranous and spongy urethra
- Proximal erectile bodies of the penis
- attachment of the scrotum
What is the conposition of the Central Perineal Tendon
Fibrocatilageous
What is the other name for the central perineal tendon
perineal body
What are the relations of the central perineal tendon
Anterior to anal canal
Posterior to bulb of penis / vestibule (depending on male or female)
What attaches to the perineal body
Bulbospongiosus Superficial transverse perineal muscles deep transverse perineal muscles External anal sphincter Fascicles of muscle from External Urethral Sphincter Fascicles of muscle from Levator Ani
What type of connective tissue is the perineal membrane
Thin sheet of deep fascia
What is the extent of the Perineal Membrane
Runs between the two ischiopubic rami
Spans anterior pelvic outlet
Attached to perineal body at midpoint of posterior margin
What pierces the perineal membrane
Urethra
Ducts of bulbourethral glands
What are the layers of fascia in the urogenital triangle
Superficial Fascia
- Superficial fatty layer (replaced by Dartos Fascia in males)
- Deep membranous layer (Colle’s fascia)
Deep perineal Fascia (Galludet’s Fascia)