Bony Structure Flashcards
Which bones make up the bony pelvis
Two hip bones (innominate bones)
- Ilium
- ischium
- pubis
Sacrum (5 fused vertebrae)
Coccyx - 4 fused vertebrae
Where do the three parts of the Innominate Bone meet
Acetabulum
When does fusion happen of the innominate bone
puberty
What bones make up the pelvic girdle
Hib bones and sacrum
What are the layers of the pelvic walls formed by
Bones of bony pelvis
Ligaments
Muscles
Fascia
Describe the boundaries of the pelvic cavity
Sup:
- Pelvic Inlet
- Inf. aspect of abdominal cavity
Inf:
-Pelvic Floor
Ant:
- Pubic bones
- Pubic Symphysis
Post:
- Sacrum and Coccyx
- Adjacent ilia
Lat:
- Hip bones
- Obturator Foramen
Describe the pelvic inlet
Defined by an oblique plane
Extends from promontory to the superior aspect of pubic symphysis
Surrounded by pelvic brim
What makes up the pelvic brim
- Sacral Promontory and Ala
- Arcuate line of ilium
- Pectineal line of pubic (pecten pubis)
- Pubic crest
- Superior edge of pubic symphysis
What is the pelvic outlet bounded by
- Tip of coccyx **
- Sacrotuberous ligaments
- Inferior Ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities
- Inferior edge of pubic symphysis
What is the pelvic cavity divided into? Describe.
True (minor) pelvic cavity:
- Between pelvic inlet and outlet
- Contains the pelvic viscera
Fase (major) pelvic cavity:
- Lies above pelvic brim
- Between iliac fossa
- Contains part part of ileum and sigmoid colon
What are the joints of the pelvis
Lumbosacral joints
Sacroiliac joint
Pubic Symphysis
Sacrococcygeal Joint
Describe the Lumbosacral joints
- Between L5 and S1
- Simply the intervertebral joint
Describe the Sacroiliac joint
- Between sacrum and ileum
- Atypical synovial joint
- Movement limited
- Stabilized by sacroiliac ligaments
- Roughened surfaces
Describe the Pubic Symphysis
- Union of bodies of right and left pubic bones
- Secondary carilaginous joint
- Fibrocartilaginous interpubic disc in joint
= Relaxin acts on the joint during pregnancy
Describe the Sacrococcygeal Joint
Secondary cartilaginous joint
What are the attachments of the ligaments of the pelvis
Sacrotuberous lig.:
- Sacrum
- Ischial Tuberosity
Sacrospinous lig.:
-Sacrum and coccyx
- Ischial Spine
THIN LIGAMENT
Iliolumbar lig.:
- L5
- Iliac crest
What passes through the Greater Sciatic Foramina
Suprapiriform foramen:
- superior gluteal vessels
- superior gluteal nerve
Infrapiriform foramen:
- inferior gluteal vessels
- internal pudendal vessels
- nerves of the sacral plexus
- –Pudendal nerve
- –nerve to Obturator internus
- –Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
- –Sciatic nerve
- –Inferior gluteal nerve
- –nerve to Quadratus femoris
POPS IQ - mneumonia for nerves in Infrapiriform foramen (in capitals)
What passes through the Lesser Sciatic Foramina
P: pudendal nerve
I: internal pudendal artery and vein
N: nerve to obturator internus
TO: tendon of obturator internus
What are the sex differences in males and females with the bony pelvis
Pubic arch:
- Male:Narrow
- Female: Wide
Subpubic arch:
- Male: Acute
- Female: Obtuse
Pelvic Outlet:
- Male: Smaller
- Female: Bigger
Greater Pelvis
- Male: Deeper
- Female: Shallow
Obturator Foramen:
- Male: Round
- Female: Oval
Ischial tuberosities:
- Male: Closer
- Female: Wide apart
Pelvic inlet:
- Male: Heart shaped
- Female: Oval
Pelvis:
- Male: Narrow
- Female: Broader
Please, some people give out in public places
What are the types of pelvis? Which is common in each sex?
Gynecoid: Females
Android: Males
Platypelloid: Rare in both
Antropoid: Ancestors
What are the different pelvic measurements
Conjugate diameter
- Superior border of pubic symphysis
- Sacral promotory
Transverse diameter:
-Widest distance of pelvic inlet
Oblique diameter:
- Sacroiliac joint
- Contralateral iliopectineal line
What are the clinical points of the bony pelvis
Pelvic Fractures:
Decubitus Ulcers (pressure sores/bedsores to skin and underlying tissue due to bony prominence)
