Pelvic Diaphragm Flashcards

1
Q

What shape is the pelvic diaphragm

A

Funnel-shaped

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2
Q

What is the extent of the pelvic diaphragm

A

Extends from:

  • Body of Pubis to coccyx
  • Lateral wall to lateral wall
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3
Q

What does the pelvic diaphragm separate

A

Pelvic cavity from the perineum inferiorly

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4
Q

What does the pelvic diaphragm transmit?

A

Urethra
Vagina
Anal Canal

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5
Q

What are the two main muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani

Coccygeus

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6
Q

Describe the Levator Ani Muscle

A

Paired Muscle
Principal muscle of the pelvic floor
Actively maintains position of pelvic viscera

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7
Q

What are the muscles components that make up the Levator Ani

A

Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Puborectalis
Levator Prostate / Pubovaginalis

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8
Q

What are the relations of the puborectalis

A

Medial and inferior to pubococcygeus

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9
Q

How does the structure of the puborectalis aid in its function

A

Forms a “U” sling on the anorectal junction
Aids in defecation
Augments (adds to) anal sphincter

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10
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the Levator Ani

A

Origin:
Pubis along to Ischial Spine
Tendinous arch

Insertion:
Perineal body
Wall of anal canal
Anococcygeal Ligament
Coccyx
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11
Q

What is the innervation of the Levator Ani

A

S3-s4

This is a somatic innervation but exits as a typical spinal nerve, also carrying some autonomic innervation

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12
Q

What are the functions of the coccygeus musle

A

Reinforces pelvic floor posteriorly

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13
Q

What are the origins and insertions of teh coccygeus muscle

A

Origin:
Ischial spine

Insertion:

  • Lower two sacral segments
  • Upper two coccygeal segments
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14
Q

Which ligament does the coccygeus muscle blend with

A

Sacrospinous Ligament

On it’s external surface

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the coccygeus muscle

A

S4-S5

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16
Q

Describe the pelvic fascia

A

Lines the pelvic cavity

Split into two layers:

  • Parietal Pelvic Fascia
  • Visceral Pelvic Fascia

Has a thickening that makes up the Tendinous Arch

17
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic floor

A
Increases abdominal pressure
Helps coughing
Sneezing
Urinating
Defecating
Lifting heavy objects
Control of micturation
supports pelvic viscera