Perineum Flashcards
what is the peritoneal ligament
is a double fold of peritoneum that connects viscera together or connects viscera to the abdominal wall.
example of a peritoneal ligament and what does it do
hepatogastric ligament a portion of the lesser omentum, which connects the liver to the stomach.
what is the peritoneaum and what does it do
a continuous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs (abdominal viscera).It acts to support the viscera, and provides pathways for blood vessels and lymph to travel to and from the viscera.
The peritoneum consists of two layers that are continuous with each other: what are they called and desribe their mesothelium
the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum. Both types are made up of simple squamous epithelial cells called mesothelium.
what does the parietal peritonum line and what is it derived from
the internal surface of the abdominopelvic wall. deerived from somatic mesoderm in the embryo.
the parietal peritoneum receives the same somatic nerve supply as the region of the abdominal wall that it lines. what does this mean
pain from the parietal peritoneum is well localised. .
what is the viscel peritoneum derived from>
derived from splanchnic mesoderm in the embryo.
what does hte viseral peritoneum cover and how
visceral peritoneum invaginates to cover the majority of the abdominal viscera.
The visceral peritoneum has the same autonomic nerve supply as the viscera it covers what does ithis mean
pain from the visceral peritoneum is poorly localised
what is visceral peritoneum sensitive to
only sensitive to stretch and chemical irritation
what is the parietal peritoneum sensitive to
parietal peritoneum is sensitive to pressure, pain, laceration and temperature
Pain from the visceral peritoneum is referred to as dermatomes. what are these dermatones supplied by
the same sensory ganglia and spinal cord segments as the nerve fibres innervating the viscera.
what is the peritoneal cavity
is a potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum. It normally contains only a small amount of lubricating fluid.
what are intraperitoneal organs and give examples
Intraperitoneal organs are enveloped by visceral peritoneum, which covers the organ both anteriorly and posteriorly. Examples include the stomach, liver and spleen.
what are retoperitoneal organs
Retroperitoneal organs are not associated with visceral peritoneum; they are only covered in parietal peritoneum, and that peritoneum only covers their anterior surface.
what are the two types of retroperitoneal organs andwhat do they mean
Primarily retroperitoneal organs developed and remain outside of the parietal peritoneum. The oesophagus, rectum and kidneys are all primarily retroperitoneal.
Secondarily retroperitoneal organs were initially intraperitoneal, suspended by mesentery. Through the course of embryogenesis, they became retroperitoneal as their mesentery fused with the posterior abdominal wall. Thus, in adults, only their anterior surface is covered with peritoneum. Examples of secondarily retroperitoneal organs include the ascending and descending colon.
SAD PUCKER what does it mean and stand for
S = Suprarenal (adrenal) Glands A = Aorta/IVC D =Duodenum (except the proximal 2cm, the duodenal cap) P = Pancreas (except the tail) U = Ureters C = Colon (ascending and descending parts) K = Kidneys E = (O)esophagus R = Rectum
the peritoneum conveys neurovascular structures from the body wall to where
interperitoneal viscera.
what is the mesentery
double layer of visceral peritoneum. It connects an intraperitoneal organ to (usually) the posterior abdominal wall. It provides a pathway for nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics to travel from the body wall to the viscera.
what is the mesentary o fthe small intestine called
the mesentary
how is other mesentary named
named according to the viscera it connects to
what are the omenta
sheets of visceral peritoneum that extend from the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum to other abdominal organs.
the greater omentum has a role in immunity and is sometimes referred to as what and why
‘abdominal policeman’ because it can migrate to infected viscera or to the site of surgical disturbance.
how many layers of peritoneum does the greater omentum have
four layers of visceral peritoneum
where does the greater omentum descend to nd from
from the greater curvature of the stomach and proximal part of the duodenum, then folds back up and attaches to the anterior surface of the transverse colon.
how many layers of peritoneum does the lesser omentum have
double layer of visceral peritoneum,
where does the kesser omentum descend to nd from
attaches from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the proximal part of the duodenum to the liver.
what is the difference in size between greater and lesser omentum
less er is considerable smaller
what two parts does the lesser ommentum cosist of. to inculde shame and content
the hepatogastric ligament (the flat, broad sheet) and the hepatoduodenal ligament (the free edge, containing the portal triad).
