Anterolateral abdominal wall Flashcards
Key functions of the abdominal wall
Forms a firm, flexible wall which keeps the abdominal viscera in the abdominal cavity.
Protects the abdominal viscera from injury.
Maintains the anatomical position of abdominal viscera against gravity.
Assists in forceful expiration by pushing the abdominal viscera upwards.
Involved in any action (coughing, vomiting) that increases intra-abdominal pressur
four main layers of teh anterolateral abdominal wall ex to int
; skin, superficial fascia, muscles and associated fascia, and parietal peritoneum
The superficial fascia consists of fatty connective tissue. The composition of this layer depends on its location. what is the composition above the umbilicus
a single sheet of connective tissue. It is continuous with the superficial fascia in other regions of the body.
The superficial fascia consists of fatty connective tissue. The composition of this layer depends on its location. what is the composition below the umbilicus
divided into two layers; the fatty superficial layer (Camper’s fascia) and the membranous deep layer (Scarpa’s fascia).
The superficial vessels and nerves run between these two layers of fascia.
The muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall can be divided into two main groups. what are they
Flat muscles – three flat muscles, situated laterally on the abdominal wall on either side of the abdomen.stacked upon one and other
Vertical muscles – two vertical muscles, situated near the mid-line of the body.
the three flat muscles fibres run in differing directions and cross each other what does this do
strengthening the wall, and decreasing the risk of herniation.
In the anteromedial aspect of the abdominal wall, each flat muscle forms what
kepeping in mind that this thing covers the vertical rectus abdominis muscle
an aponeurosis
The aponeuroses of all the flat muscles become entwined in the midline, forming what
th linea alba
what is the linea alba
a fibrous structure that extends from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic symphysis
what are the names of the flat muscldes
int. oblique
ext. obique
transversum abdominus
what is the external oblique and in which direction does its fibres run
The external oblique is the largest and most superficial flat muscle in the abdominal wall. Its fibres run inferomedially.
what are the attachments functions and innecvation of the eternal oblique
Attachments: Originates from ribs 5-12, and inserts into the iliac crest and pubic tubercle.
Functions: Contralateral rotation of the torso.
Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11) and subcostal nerve (T12).
what are the attachments functions and innecvation of the internal oblique
Attachments: Originates from the inguinal ligament, iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia, and inserts into ribs 10-12.
Functions: Bilateral contraction compresses the abdomen, while unilateral contraction ipsilaterally rotates the torso.
Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves (T6-T11), subcostal nerve (T12) and branches of the lumbar plexus.
what is the internal oblique and in which direction does its fibres run
The internal oblique lies deep to the external oblique. It is smaller and thinner in structure, with its fibres running superomedially (perpendicular to the fibres of the external oblique).
what is the transversus abdomins and in which direction does its fibres run
The transversus abdominis is the deepest of the flat muscles, with transversely running fibres. Deep to this muscle is a well-formed layer of fascia, known as the transversalis fascia.
