Pericardium Flashcards

1
Q

Pericardium is

A

a fibroserous sac that encloses the heart and roots of the great vessels.

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2
Q

Relations of Pericardium Anteriorly

A

§ Body of Sternum

§ 2nd to 6th costal cartilages

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3
Q

Relations of Pericardium Posteriorly

A

§ 5th to 8th thoracic vertebrae

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4
Q

Layers of the Pericardium

A
  1. Fibrous Pericardium

2. Serous Pericardium

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5
Q

Fibrous Pericardium Attached anteriorly to

A

the sternum by Sternopericardial ligaments.

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6
Q

Two Layers of Serous Pericardium

A

a. Parietal layer

b. Visceral layer

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7
Q

The wall of the heart consists of three layers

A

§ The epicardium (external layer)
§ The myocardium (middle layer)
§ The endocardium (inner layer).

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8
Q

The epicardium is composed of two

tissue layers

A

a. Visceral layer of the serous pericardium.
b. Adipose tissue (houses the major
coronary and cardiac vessels of the heart).

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9
Q

Pericardial effusion

A

filled with excess fluid (pericardial effusion), that
compresses the heart (cardiac tamponade), resulting in biventricular
failure.

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10
Q

Fibrous Pericardium and Parietal layer of serous Pericardium nerve supply

A

Phrenic nerves (C3–C5),

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11
Q

Visceral layer of Serous Pericardium nerve supply

A

By Sympathetic trunk and vagus nerves

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12
Q

“pain” related to a pericardial problem may be referred to

A

supraclavicular region of the shoulder or lateral neck area dermatomes for
spinal cord segments C3, C4, and C5.

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