lec 5 Flashcards
Heart Great Vessels
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- pulmonary veins
- pulmonary trunk
- The aorta
Right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs through
pulmonary trunk
blood returns from lungs to the left atrium then to left ventricle through
pulmonary veins oxygenated blood
only veins that carry oxygenated blood
pulmonary veins
blood AWAY from the heart(right ventricle ) to the lungs
Pulmonary arteries(This blood is low in oxygen, high in carbon dioxide”)
The pulmonary trunk emerges from
the right ventricle
branches of pulmonary trunk
right pulmonary artery runs to the right lung
left pulmonary artery goes to the left lung
The Ascending Aorta Gives two branches
two coronary arteries to the heart muscle
Aortic Arch has three branches
1- Brachiocephalic trunk
2- Left common carotid a.
3- Left subclavian a
Brachiocephalic trunk, has 2 branches
a- Right common carotid a.
b- Right subclavian a.
Ligamentum arteriosum
connecting the Aortic arch to the left
pulmonary artery , It is an embryonic duct (ductus arteriosus then to the placenta.) that conveys the blood in the embryo from the pulmonary trunk to aorta. It is
closed after birth and changed into a ligament.
Ligamentum arteriosum
after birth:
in embryo
ductus arteriosus
(R) common carotid artery arises from
the brachiocephalic artery
(Lt) common carotid artery arises
directly from the aortic arch
Main sources of blood supply to head, face and neck
common carotid arteries
common carotid artery Located
on either side of neck and divide into internal and external carotid arteries
artery that (Supplies structures outside skull)
External carotid artery
artery Supplies the inside of the skull
Internal carotid artery
structures outside skull
the scalp, External ear, face, neck and sides of head
structures inside skull
brain, eye ball (Retina), eyelid, forehead, nose and internal ear
Common carotid artery split into the external and internal carotid arteries at
the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, at around the level of the fourth cervical vertebra.
Branches of External Carotid Artery Anterior
➢ Superior thyroid
➢ Lingual
➢ Facial
Branches of External Carotid Artery Posterior
➢ Posterior auricular
➢ Occipital
Branches of External Carotid Artery Terminal
➢ Superficial temporal
➢ Maxillary
Branches of External Carotid Artery Medial
Ascending pharyngeal
Internal carotid a. Enters skull through
carotid canal and then through the
cavernous sinus
Internal carotid a. Inside the skull it gives branches
- Ophthalmic artery
2- Anterior cerebral
3- Middle cerebral arteries
Internal carotid arteries share the formation of
Circle of Willis
ophthalmic artery supplies
the eyes, nose and forehead
anterior cerebral artery supplies
the anterior part of brain
middle cerebral arteries supply
middle part of the brain
circle of Willis
internal carotid A. + vertebral A. creates a circle inside the skull
cavernous sinus)
above carotid canal there’s a tank (blood tank) which carotid A enters through it
branches of Subclavian artery
1- Thyrocervical trunk
2- Internal thoracic art
3- Vertebral art
subclavian artery runs in front of two muscles
scalenus posterior muscle and scalenus Medius muscle
subclavian artery runs behind
scalenus anterior muscle,
subclavian artery runs above
the pleura then to the clavicle to pass laterally between the clavicle and the first rib to enter the axilla,
Axillary artery.
subclavian artery after enters the axilla
-Thyrocervical trunk gives branches
➢ Inferior thyroid artery
➢ Suprascapular artery
➢ Transverse cervical artery
Inferior thyroid artery supplies
the thyroid gland
internal thoracic artery passes
behind the ribs
internal thoracic artery supplies
supply breast, diaphragm, abdomen
internal thoracic artery in the abdomen called
Superior epigastric artery
Anterior scalenus muscle divide subclavian Artery into
3 parts,1st ,2nd which runs behind this muscle and 3rd part away from muscle.
Rt and Lt vertebral arteries ascend through
vertebral foramina of C6 - C1 vertebral transverse processes
Rt and Lt vertebral arteries enter
the skull Through foramen magnum
Rt and Lt vertebral arteries unite together forming the
Basilar artery
Basilar artery gives off branches to
the pons, cerebellum & inner ear
Circle of Willis inside the skull is formed by
the Internal carotid arteries and its branches + Basilar artery (formed by the union of the two vertebral arteries)
branches of basilar artery
1- posterior cerebral arteries
2- Posterior communicating arteries connect to the middle cerebral arteries
Basilar artery passes through
the brain stem
brain stem is made up of
the midbrain, pons, and medulla)
Anterior communicating artery connects
anterior cerebral arteries together
common carotid artery runs at the side of the neck accompanied
by internal jugular vein
