Heart Flashcards
Heart lies in
the middle mediastinum
Heart consists of
- Apex
- Base
- Sterno-costal (anterior) surface.
- Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface
- Rt & Lt pulmonary surfaces
Heart consists of 4 chambers
o 2 atria (right & left)
o 2 ventricles (right & left
tApex of the heart Directed
downwards, forwards and to the left.
tApex of the heart is formed by
the left ventricle (LV).
tApex of the heart lies at the level of
left 5th intercostal space, (8-9 cm
from midline).
heart rests on its
diaphragmatic (inferior) surface
heart does not rest on its
base
the apex beat can usually
seen and palpated
Base of the Heart is
posterior surface)
Base of the Heart is formed by:
o Left atrium (mainly)
o Right atrium
o Roots of Great veins (SVC, IVC,
& 4 Pulmonary veins)
Base of the Heart is directed
backwards
Base of the Heart Lies opposite
middle thoracic vertebrae (T5-T8)
Base of the Heart Bounded inferiorly by
post part of coronary sulcus, which lodges the coronary sinus
The base of the heart is separated from the vertebral column by
oblique sinus of pericardium, esophagus, & descending aorta.
posterior to the base of heart.
The esophagus
The base of the heart is separated from the vertebral column by
oblique sinus of pericardium, esophagus, & descending aorta.
Sterno-costal (anterior) surface is formed mainly by
the right ventricle and some of the right atrium & left ventricle
Diaphragmatic (Inferior) surface Directed
inferiorly
Diaphragmatic (Inferior) surface Formed by
the 2-ventricles, mainly left ventricle (left 2/3).
The heart rests on
the diaphragmatic surface.
The diaphragmatic surface is separated from base of heart
by posterior part of coronary sulcus (coronary sinus lodges in it).
External sulci
The coronary sulcus
Anterior interventricular sulcus:
Posterior interventricular sulcus
sulci
Internal partitions divide the heart into four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) and produce surface or external grooves
coronary sulcus is
Circles the heart
coronary sulcus Separating
the atria from the ventricles
coronary sulcus contains
- Right coronary artery
- Small cardiac vein
- Coronary sinus
- Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery
The anterior and posterior interventricular sulci Separate
the two ventricles
Anterior interventricular sulcus Contains
- Anterior interventricular artery.
- Great cardiac vein
Anterior interventricular sulcus location
On the anterior surface of the heart
Posterior interventricular sulcus Contains
- Posterior interventricular artery.
- Middle cardiac vein
Posterior interventricular sulcus location
On the diaphragmatic surface of the heart.
Borders of the Heart
Right border
Left border
Inferior border
Superior border
Right border of the Heart Is formed by
right atrium
left border of of the Heart Formed mainly by
left ventricle & portion of left auricle.
Inferior border of the Heart is between
anterior & diaphragmatic surfaces.
Inferior border of the Heart Is formed mainly by
right ventricle & apical part of left ventricle.
Superior border of the Heart Is formed by
right and left atria
things emerge from Superior border of the Heart
Ascending aorta & pulmonary trunk
