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Cardiovascular Module > Pericarditis > Flashcards

Pericarditis Flashcards

1
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammatory disorder of the pericardium which involves the visceral or/& parietal pericardial layers

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2
Q

Etiology of pericarditis

A

Infectious
noninfectious
idiopathic

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3
Q

Morphology classification of pericarditis

A

Acute

chronic

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4
Q

Types of acute pericarditis

A

Serous pericarditis

fibrinous /serofibrinous pericarditis

purulent / fibrinopurulent pericarditis

hemorrhagic pericarditis

Caseous/ granulomatous pericarditis

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5
Q

Commonest form of pericarditis

A

Fibrinous/ serofibrinous pericarditis

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6
Q

When do you have serous pericarditis with serous exudate

A

In noninfectious inflammation:

Immunological mediated( rheumatic fever , SLE)

Tumors
uremia
Infection from tissue nearby causing sterile serious effusion

Viral infection
idiopathic

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7
Q

Serous pericarditis morphology

A

Epicardium and pericardium inflammation
few polymorphs ,lymphocytes, macrophages

slow effusion

fibrous adhesions when resolved ( rare)

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8
Q

Fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis characteristics

A

Abundant serous effusion with fibrinous exudate

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9
Q

Fibtinous and serofibrinous pericarditis causes

A

Uremia

Acute MI

Autoimmune disease like acute rheumatic fever, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, post myocardial infraction (Dressler syndrome ) ,chest radiation

post cardiac surgery

trauma

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10
Q

Fibtinous and serofibrinous pericarditis Gross morphology

A

Shaggy granular fibrin deposits the epicardium and pericardium

Yellow and cloudy thick fluid with leukocytes and red cells and fibrin ( serofibrinous pericarditis )

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11
Q

Fibtinous and serofibrinous pericarditis resolution

A

Digestion of the fibrin or organization (fibrous adhesions with partial or complete obliteration of pericardial cavity)

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12
Q

Fibtinous and serofibrinous pericarditis produce what type of sound

A

Rubbing of pericardial surfaces against each other

Loud pericardial friction rub with pain

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13
Q

In what case do you have purulent and fibrinopurulent pericarditis

A

Infection

Mostly bacterial or fungal

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14
Q

Purulent pericarditis Morphology

A

Purulent exudate covers pericardium
Thick creamy pus

Red granular surface

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15
Q

Is complete resolution usual in purulent pericarditis

A

No

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16
Q

Major complication of purulent pericarditis

A

Constrictive pericarditis

17
Q

Most common association to hemorrhagic pericarditis

A

Malignant neoplastic tuberculous involvement of pericardium

18
Q

What often precedes hemorrhagic pericarditis

A

Cardiac surgery

19
Q

Healing of hemorrhagic pericarditis

A

By organization with fibrous adhesions

20
Q

Main cause of caseous/ granulomatous pericarditis

A

Tuberculosis

21
Q

Exudate in caseous pericarditis

A 
Acute 
Turbid 
Bloodstained 
Tubercles on pericardial surface 
Subsides with fibrous adhesions

Fibrous tissue enclosing if become chronic
Calcification

22
Q

Type of chronic pericarditis

A

Chronic adhesive pericarditis

Chronic constrictive pericarditis

23
Q

Chronic adhesive pericarditis follows …

A

Pericarditis with fibrinous exudate which organize and form fibrin adhesions

24
Q

Chronic adhesive pericarditis more likely to develop after

A

Purulent pericarditis
Caseous pericarditis
Cardiac surgery
Irradiation

25
Q

What is adhesive mediastinal pericarditis

A

In chronic adhesive pericarditis there is risk of fibrous adhesions between the parietal pericardium and the Adjacent mediastinal structures

26
Q

Causes of chronic constrictive pericarditis

A 
Tuberculosis 
Purulence
Neoplasia 
Traumatic pericarditis 
Cardiac surgery 
Idiopathic 
Viral pericarditis
27
Q

Characteristics of constrictive pericarditis

A

Pronounced fibrous thickening of pericardium

Rigidity of the heart interferes with heart action and circulation ( impaired diastolic relaxation and ventricular filling, decreased cardiac output)

Pericardial cavity obliteration

Calcification. And hyalinization of pericardium

28
Q

Morphology of heart in constrictive pericarditis

A

Normal or smaller than normal heart

Sometime enlarged

Cardiovascular Module (21 decks)

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