Perianal Conditions Flashcards
What is a pilonidal abscess?
Formation of an abscess in pilonidal sinuses (small pits in midline of buttock clefts often containing hair).
How do pilonidal abscesses present?
Pain, irritation, swelling, erythema, purulent discharge.
Who are pilonidal abscesses most common in?
Dark haired men.
How are pilonidal abscesses managed?
Surgical excision of the abscess.
Long term shaving local hairs.
Keeping good hygiene to prevent recurrence.
What is a perianal abscess?
Abscess formation around anal canal, requires surgical excision.
What are haemorrhoids?
Excessive amounts of endoanal cushion tissue containing submucosal blood vessels.
What positions do haemorrhoids typically occur in?
3, 7 and 11 O’clock positions.
How do haemorrhoids present?
PR bleeding, mucus discharge, perianal discomfort (not typically painful), appearance of perianal lump diagnosed by sigmoidoscopy/proctoscopy.
How are haemorrhoids managed?
High fibre diet with plenty of water.
Bulk laxatives to reduce straining.
Banding.
Haemorrhoidectomy.
What is an anal fissure?
Tear in the anal lining that causes fresh PR bleeding and pain.
