Performance of Metals Flashcards
what are ferrous metals?
Contain iron, are magnetic and can rust
what are non-ferrous metals?
don’t contain iron, non magnetic and cant rust
what are alloys?
combination of two or more metals
-both ferrous and non ferrous metals
how are Iron and Aluminum extracted?
- Bauxite is aluminum ore and is extracted by electrolysis
- iron ore is extracted via heat and carbon
what metals are ferrous?
-Low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and cast iron
Properties of low carbon steel + 1 use
-malleable
-ductile
-relatively inexpensive
good tensile strength
-easy to weld
- used for nuts and bolts
Properties of Medium carbon steel + 1 use
- less ductile than low carbon steel
- hard
- malleable
- tough
- good tensile strength
- used for train tracks
Properties of White Cast Iron + 1 use
- resistant to abrasion
- hard and brittle
- good tensile strength
- cast with little shrinkage
- extrusion nozzles , industrial rollers, dies
Properties of Grey Cast Iron + 1 use
- distributes heat evenly
- withstands compression
- resistant to oxidation
- brittle with low impact resistance
- used for radiators
what is Hardness?
resistance to abrasion and wear
what is Toughness?
ability to absorb energy/impact without cracking
what is malleability?
withstand deformation and retain new shape
what factors determine malleablity?
bent, pressed or manipulated without fracture
what is ductility?
ability to be drawn and stretched without breaking
what is Elasticity?
resistance to distort then return to its original shape
-the point it turns from elastic to plastic deformation
what is bending?
ability to bend without breaking
what is compression strength?
ability to withstand compression
what is density?
how much it weighs
what metals are non-ferrous? [7]
aluminum, zinc, copper, silver , gold, titanium and tin
What are the properties of aluminum + 1 use
- good strength to weight ratio
- most abundant metal
- corrosion resistant
- soft and malleable
- bike parts, drink cans
What are the properties of copper + 1 use
- malleable
- ductile
- conductor of heat and electricity
- electrical wire and hot water pipes
What are the properties of zinc + 1 use
- ductile
- easily worked
- corrosion resistant
- used in batteries
- sacrificial metal for boats
- usually alloyed
What are the properties of silver + 1 use
- electric and thermal conductor
- ductile
- jewellery , cutlery [often plated]
What are the properties of gold + 1 use
- ductile and malleable
- resistant to air, water, alkali’s and acids
- doesn’t tarnish
- jewellery, electronics
What are the properties of titanium + 1 use
- low density
- high melting point
- corrosion resistant
- good strength to weight ratio
- golf clubs and implants
What are the properties of tin + 1 use
- soft
- malleable
- corrosion resistant
- solder for electronics
what are the 3 ferrous alloys?
stainless steel, die steel and high speed steel [HSS]
What are the properties of stainless steel + 1 use
- impact resistant
- corrosion resistant
- medical and catering equipment
What are the properties of die steel + 1 use
- dimensional stability
- corrosion resistant
- dies for casting
What are the properties of high speed steel + 1 use
- hard and tough
- withstand high temperatures
- drill bits and kitchen knives
what are the 4 non-ferrous alloys?
bronze, brass, duralumin and pewter
What are the properties of brass + 1 use
- low melting point
- self lubricating
- conductor of heat and electricity
- musical instruments
What are the properties of bronze + 1 use
- corrosion resistant
- brittle
- bells and coins
What are the properties of duralumin + 1 use
- good strength to weight ratio
- ductile and malleable
- oxidizes for a protective layer
- walking poles, aircraft parts
What are the properties of pewter + 1 use
- low melting point
- soft and malleable
- trophies , tankards
