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Product Design > Composites > Flashcards

Composites Flashcards

1
Q

what is a composite?

A

material with enhanced mechanical [strength] or physical [weight/size] properties

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2
Q

name 8 mechanical properties

A 
tensile strength
compressive strength
stiffness 
toughness
plasticity
elasticity
ductility 
malleability
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3
Q

name name 9 physical properties

A 
mass
weight
volume
density
hardness
electrical conductivity
resistivity
thermal conductivity
expansion
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4
Q

how are composites different to traditional materials?

A
  • create 3D forms that are impossible with traditional materials
  • easier and efficient to work with
  • improved properties cause improved product performance
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5
Q

name 8 composites

A
  • tungston carbide
  • carbon fibre reinforced plastic
  • glass reinforced plastic
  • aluminum composite board
  • fibre cement
  • concrete
  • reinforced concrete
  • engineered wood
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6
Q

what is tungsten carbide made from?

A

ceramic and metal [cermit]

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7
Q

what are the properties of tungsten carbide?

A
  • hard
  • rigid
  • impact resistant
  • 100x harder than steel
  • can only be scratched by diamond
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8
Q

uses of tungsten carbide

A
  • high speed cutting tools
  • drill bits
  • kitchen knives
  • surgical instruments
  • jewellery
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9
Q

what process is tungsten carbide formed by?

A

sintering

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10
Q

what are the properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic?

A
  • tough
  • hardwearing
  • corrosion resistant
  • chemical resistant
  • lightweight
  • stable in hot conditions
  • good tensile strength
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11
Q

uses for CFRP

A
  • bike frames
  • sports equipment
  • crash helmets
  • prosthetics
  • racing cars
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12
Q

what is Glass reinforced plastic [carbon fibre] made from?

A

glass fibers and a thermosetting plastic [polyester or epoxy resin]

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13
Q

what are the properties of GRP?

A
  • lightweight
  • high compressive strength
  • high tensile strength
  • UV and corrosion resistant
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14
Q

uses of GRP?

A

-complex 3D shapes like boats, car bodies, panels, sports equipment

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15
Q

difference and similarity between GRP and CFRP?

A
  • both formed by layering on moulds
  • CFRP labour intensive
  • GRP is cheaper
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16
Q

what is aluminum composite board?

A

composite sheet material with a polymer core [polyethylene] faced with a thin sheet of aluminum

17
Q

what are the properties of aluminum composite board?

A
  • easy to form and cut
  • durable
  • stable
  • lightweight
  • corrosion resistant
  • range of colours and finishes
  • DOESN’T react to weather changes [expand]
18
Q

uses of aluminum composite board

A
  • signage
  • architectural cladding
  • wall panels
  • high quality UV printing
19
Q

what is fibre cement?

A

building material made from cement and toxic asbestors fibres [now cellulose or synthetic fibres]

20
Q

what are the properties of fibre cement?

A
  • durable
  • lightweight
  • resistant to rust, chemicals, weather and insects
  • vapor permeable [reduces condensation]
  • thermal and noise insulator
21
Q

how is fibre cement suited to building?

A
  • smooth and sleek finish
  • large sheets [easy to work with]
  • create patterns
  • textured
22
Q

what ingredients make cement? [5]

A
  • air
  • cement
  • water
  • sand
  • gravel
23
Q

properties of cement

A
  • heavy
  • durable
  • high compressive strength
  • resistant to mould, moisture or pests
  • thermal insulator
  • low cost and maintenance
  • fire resistant
24
Q

what are the properties of reinforced concrete?

A
  • strong under tension
  • lasts longer
  • steel expands and contracts at the same rate as concrete
  • can make complex and tall structures
25
Q

what is reinforced concrete reinforced with?

A

steel

26
Q

uses of reinforced concrete

A
  • high rise buildings
  • bridges
  • multi story carparks
27
Q

what puts concrete under strain?

A

high winds and earthquakes

28
Q

what is engineered wood?

A

wood- based composite designed to enhance the properties of natural timber

29
Q

what is engineered wood made out of?

A

wood sheets, chips and powders with a bonding agent

30
Q

what is engineered flooring made from and its properties?

A

plywood and hardwood veneer

  • -stable
  • durable
  • natural aesthetic
31
Q

what is added to particle boards to make a hard wearing finish?

A

melamine formaldehyde

32
Q

what is glulam made from?

A

layers of laminated timber over a mould

33
Q

uses of glulam

A

alternative to steel

  • beams
  • bridges
  • archways

Product Design (15 decks)

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