Performance Analysis and Match Play demands

Question 1

Define time motion analysis

Answer 1

measurement of the change in an athletes position and speed

Question 2

Name two purposes of carrying out time motion analysis

Answer 2

quantifying work rate in field based sports

quantifying demands of different sports or different positions in a sport

Question 3

Explain why it is important to consider speed of movement as well as impacts during a game, rather than just distance covered

Answer 3

Demands of different sports and different positions are different

rugby forwards less distance, but more impacts

tennis players, low distance but almost always sprinting

Question 4

Outline the limitations of using computer based tracking to carry out time motion analysis work

Answer 4

requires a subjective measure of how fast the player is moving

prone to human error e.g losing track of player

need familiarisation and practice to be good at

Question 5

State four variables that can be measured with GPS analysis

Answer 5

Total distance
distance per minute
number of sprints and length of sprints
heart rate

Question 6

Explain how GPS data can be used to aid injury prevention

Answer 6

can see evidence of player fatigue

can see who has worked the hardest and therefore who needs more recovery time

see who did most sprints or impacts and offer recovery aids e.g compression garments

Question 7

Name two other uses of GPS data

Answer 7

Nutritionist can use to plan meals and recovery shakes etc based on the intensity of the session

can give feedback on players performance

Question 8

Explain how GPS data can be used to plan a training session of a specific intensity

Answer 8

From GPS data you can determine the intensity of small sided games on different sized pitches

smaller pitch = higher intensity because more sprints

GPS data has shown which pitch sizes are best for recovery and which are best for high intensity

Question 9

What three factors determine the accuracy of GPS

Answer 9

Number of satellites in range (at least 3)

location and weather conditions

Hz/sampling speed

Question 10

Discuss the limitations of using straight line testing of GPS systems

Answer 10

Sports teams do not move only in straight lines

don’t know if the monitors will pick up fine movements and changes of direction

Question 11

Explain why the use of varied direction protocols is better than straight line protocols for testing the reliability of GPS monitors

Answer 11

More game specific

can tell if the monitor will pick up finer movements

See if full distance of a curve is picked up

Question 12

Explain why using absoloute speed zones makes comparisons between papers difficult

Answer 12

No set threshold speeds, even when looking at the same sport

No reasoning behind the speeds used

Question 13

Explain why the use of absoloute speed zones disadvantages some players

Answer 13

Some players top speed may not be high enough to get into the sprinting zone

so data will show no sprints even if they’re working really hard

Question 14

Explain why it is important to have data on the high intensity work carried out in a football match

Answer 14

generally the most important actions of a game

best measure of the physiological demands of a game

most likely to lead to muscle damage, so need to know for recovery

develop drills to improve recovery between high interval work

Question 15

Define the term internal load

Answer 15

sum of all physiological stress that occurs as a consequence of activity

Question 16

Define the term external load

Answer 16

The sum of all the mechanical and locomotive stress generated to perform a bout of activity

Question 17

why is the use of individualised speed zones better than using absoloute speed zones

Answer 17

better feedback can be given to the players

allows better and more fair comparisons between players

Question 18

Outline the method of determining individualised speed zones, as defined by Cahill et al 2012

Answer 18

zones as a percentage of a players vMax

Question 19

Outline the method of determining individulaised speeds zones, described in the Abt and Lovell paper (2009)

Answer 19

Players taken into the lab to determine their second ventilatiory threshold

Question 20

Why is the method used by Abt and Lovell good

Answer 20

an objective measure of the players speed zone

individualised to each player

Question 21

what are the limitations of using Abt and Lovell’s method

Answer 21

Not everyone will have access to a lab

time consuming

Less aerobics lot fit will spend more time running at high intensity than more aerobic ally fit be negative correlation between VO2 max and time spent at high intensity

Question 22

What were the findings of the Abt and Lovell paper

Answer 22

2nd VT speed was at 15 km/h. lower than the 19.8 km/h used by prozone for high intensity

using 2nd VT resulted in a 167% increase in distance covered at high intensity
Over 2000m using 2nd VT
800m using prozone defined speed

VT2 speed was at 90% VO2max

Question 23

What is the potential impact of the findings of the Abt and Lovell paper

Answer 23

Using prozone underestimates high intensity work

using new method have a better idea of amount of high intensity work done

allow better planning of recovery stratergies

Question 24

Explain why it is important to measure acceleration as well as total distance

Answer 24

acceleration is much more physically demanding

puts increased mechanical stress on the body

data can be used to tailor recovery statergies

Question 25

why must acceleration data be interpreted with caution

Answer 25

shows most variability

Question 26

Explain the concept of player load as a measurement in Rugby Union

Answer 26

an equation which takes into account accelerations, up, down, forwards, backwards and sideways movement and collisions

Question 27

Explain the advantage of using player loads

Answer 27

A more reflective measure of player demand and overall performance

e.g much higher in forwards, but forwards total distance is lower so without it would look like forwards dont work as hard