Perception Flashcards
Visual constancy
Shape
Colour & brightness
Size
Able to tell a shape is a shape from differing perspectives
Perceptual set (expectancy)
Brain has a mental model. We recognise something, we use the model. Even when the model is different, it’s difficult to persuade the brain otherwise.
Kinaesthetic
Sensation of movement or tense in muscles, joints - propiroceptors
Comparative size
Compare the objects to its surroundings to determine size
Illusion whilst taxying
Relative movement & cockpit height above ground
Somatogravic - takeoff
Accelerating causes pitch up illusion - of rollercoaster
Cruise illusions
Vestibular illusions
& visual
The leans, or sematogravic
False horizons, atmospheric conditions. Autokinetic effects at night
Autokinesis
Stationary point of light. When stared at at night, it appears to move, if no frame of reference. DANGER, confuse ac lights for stars
Cruise illusions - false horizons
Over water
Mountains
Surface lights confused with stars
Light of fishing boats, mistaken for rwy
Mountains
Cruise
Gently sloping terrain
Bank of sloping cloud
Ground sloping down
Create illusions flying visually at low level
Across horizon, Impression of a low wing
Illusion of excessive height
Illusions approach & landing
46% of all recent fatal accidents occurred at this phase
Visual texture flow helps with final judgement of height and speed.
Visual angle at landing
Up sloping runway. Give illusion that you’re high on approach.
Down sloping runway. Give illusion you’re low on approach.
Small runway
Large runway
Higher up
Lower down
Bright lights
Dim lights
Too close illusion
Too high illusion
Black hole effect
No other visual reference, brights end up looking bright.
Meaning looks closer than usual
