PERCEPTION

Question 1

the method by which the brain takes all the
sensations a person experiences at any given
moment and allows them to be interpreted in
some meaningful fashion.

Answer 1

Perception

Question 2

1. Size constancy 2. Shape constancy 3. Brightness constancy

Answer 2

Constancies

Question 3

the tendency to interpret an object as always
being the same size, regardless of its distance
from the viewer (or the size of the image it casts
on the retina).

Answer 3

Size constancy

Question 4

So if an object that is normally
perceived to be about 6 feet tall appears very small on the retina, it will be interpreted as
being very far away.

Answer 4

Size constancy

Question 5

why a person still perceives a coin as a circle
even if it is held at an angle that makes it
appear to be an oval on the retina.

Answer 5

Shape constancy

Question 6

the tendency to perceive the apparent
brightness of an object as the same even when
the light conditions change.

Answer 6

Brightness constancy

Question 7

1. Figure-Ground Relationships
2. Proximity
3. Similarity
4. Closure
5. Continuity

Answer 7

Gestalt Principle

Question 8

Refer to the tendency to perceive objects or
figures as existing in a background. People
seem to have a preference for picking out
figures from backgrounds even as early as birth.

Answer 8

Figure-Ground Relationships

Question 9

the tendency to perceive objects that are
close to one another as part of the same
grouping.

Answer 9

Proximity

Question 10

refers to the tendency to perceive things that
look similar as being part of the same group.

Answer 10

Similarity

Question 11

the tendency to complete figures that are
incomplete.

Answer 11

Closure

Question 12

refers to the tendency to perceive things as
simple as possible with a continuous pattern
rather than with a complex, broken-up pattern.

Answer 12

Continuity

Question 13

It is the capability to see the world in three
dimensions

Answer 13

Depth Perception

Question 14

1. Linear Perspective
2. Relative Size
3. Overlap or interposition
4. Aerial Perspective
5. Texture Gradient
6. Motion Parallax
7. Accommodation

Answer 14

7 Monocular Cues

Question 15

are often referred to as pictorial depth cues
because artists can use these cues to give the
illusion of depth to paintings and drawings.

Answer 15

Monocular Cues

Question 16

the tendency for lines that are actually
parallel to seem to converge on each other.

Answer 16

Linear Perspective

Question 17

tendency when the objects that people
expect to be of a certain size appear to be small
and are, therefore, assumed to be much farther
away.

Answer 17

Relative Size

Question 18

happens if one object seems to be blocking
another object, people assume that the blocked
object is behind the first one and, therefore,
farther away.

Answer 18

Overlap or interposition

Question 19

occurs when the farther away an object is, the
hazier the object will appear to be due to tiny
particles of dust, dirt, and other pollutants in
the air.

Answer 19

Aerial Perspective

Question 20

is another trick used by artists to give the
illusion of depth in a painting.

Answer 20

Texture Gradient

Question 21

makes use of something that happens inside
the eye. The lens of the human eye is flexible
and held in place by a series of muscles, process of visual accommodation
as the tendency of the lens to change its shape,
or thickness, in response to objects near or far
away.

Answer 21

Accommodation

Question 22

perception of motion of
objects in which close objects appear to move
more quickly than objects that are farther
away

Answer 22

Motion Parallax

Question 23

cues for perceiving depth
based on both eyes

Answer 23

Binocular cues

Question 24

1 Convergence
2 Binocular disparity

Answer 24

2 Binocular cues

Question 25

a perception that does not correspond to
reality: People think they see something when the
reality is quite different.

Answer 25

ILLUSIONS

Question 26

visual stimuli that “fool” the eye

Answer 26

ILLUSIONS

Question 27

a distorted perception of something that is really there

Answer 27

ILLUSIONS

Question 28

originates in the brain, not in reality

Answer 28

HALLUCINATIONS

Question 29

Hermann Grid

Answer 29

Perceptual Illusions

Question 30

One explanation for this illusion is attributed to
the responses of neurons in the primary visual
cortex that respond best to bars of light of a
specific orientation

Answer 30

Hermann Grid

Question 31

3 neurons discovered by David Hubel and
Torsten Wiesel

Answer 31

simple cells, complex cells, end-stopped cells

Question 32

neurons in the primary visual
cortex that respond best to bars of light of a
specific orientation

Answer 32

simple cells

Question 33

which respond to orientation
and movement

Answer 33

complex cells

Question 34

respond best to corners, curvature, or sudden
edges

Answer 34

end-stopped cells