Perception Flashcards
what are the steps of visual perception
stimulus energy, reception, transduction, transmission and interpretation
reception in visual perception
receptors in the eye detect and respons to light
transduction in visual perception
light is converted from electromagnetic energy to energy in the form of action potentials
action potentials
energy which takes the form of neural impulses
transmission in visual perception
action potentials are sent to the brain via the optic nerve
interpretation in visual perception
message recieved in primary visual cortex, interpretation occurrs throughout the brain
what are the steps of gustatory perception
stimulus, reception, transduction, transmission, interpretation
stimulus in gustatory perception
when tasting something, the chemical molecules combine with saliva on the tongue
reception in gustatory perception
receptors in taste detect and respond to chemical molecules
transduction in gustatory perception
taste receptors convert the molecules into neural signals
transmission in gustatory perception
neural signals are sent to the brain via cranial nerves
interpretation in gustatory perception
neural signals recieved in the primary gustatory cortex, interpretation occurs throughout the brain
what are the two forms of processing sensory information
bottom up processing and top down processing
what is top down processing
when we apply prior knowledge and expectations (pre-existing schema) to a situation, making assumptions which shapes how we individually percieve stimuli
why is top downn processing unhelpful
it can lead to misinterpretations
how iis top down processing used for gustatory information
using our familiarity with how a food/drink usually tastes and smells and how it has reacted with our body
bottom up processing
begins with salient sensory information which is then processed and integrated to produce meaning, how the sensory data is percieved in based on how it is attended to and interpreted in real time
salient sensory information
sensory info that is most noticeable or important in the siituation
how is bottom up processing used for gustatory information
we gather a range of salient sensory data (smell/taste) to form perception e.g blind folded when eating
what are the similarities between top down and bottom up processing
both are ways to percieve the world, both are automatic and unconcious processes
