Perception

Question 1

what are the steps of visual perception

Answer 1

stimulus energy, reception, transduction, transmission and interpretation

Question 2

reception in visual perception

Answer 2

receptors in the eye detect and respons to light

Question 3

transduction in visual perception

Answer 3

light is converted from electromagnetic energy to energy in the form of action potentials

Question 4

action potentials

Answer 4

energy which takes the form of neural impulses

Question 5

transmission in visual perception

Answer 5

action potentials are sent to the brain via the optic nerve

Question 6

interpretation in visual perception

Answer 6

message recieved in primary visual cortex, interpretation occurrs throughout the brain

Question 7

what are the steps of gustatory perception

Answer 7

stimulus, reception, transduction, transmission, interpretation

Question 8

stimulus in gustatory perception

Answer 8

when tasting something, the chemical molecules combine with saliva on the tongue

Question 9

reception in gustatory perception

Answer 9

receptors in taste detect and respond to chemical molecules

Question 10

transduction in gustatory perception

Answer 10

taste receptors convert the molecules into neural signals

Question 11

transmission in gustatory perception

Answer 11

neural signals are sent to the brain via cranial nerves

Question 12

interpretation in gustatory perception

Answer 12

neural signals recieved in the primary gustatory cortex, interpretation occurs throughout the brain

Question 13

what are the two forms of processing sensory information

Answer 13

bottom up processing and top down processing

Question 14

what is top down processing

Answer 14

when we apply prior knowledge and expectations (pre-existing schema) to a situation, making assumptions which shapes how we individually percieve stimuli

Question 15

why is top downn processing unhelpful

Answer 15

it can lead to misinterpretations

Question 16

how iis top down processing used for gustatory information

Answer 16

using our familiarity with how a food/drink usually tastes and smells and how it has reacted with our body

Question 17

bottom up processing

Answer 17

begins with salient sensory information which is then processed and integrated to produce meaning, how the sensory data is percieved in based on how it is attended to and interpreted in real time

Question 18

salient sensory information

Answer 18

sensory info that is most noticeable or important in the siituation

Question 19

how is bottom up processing used for gustatory information

Answer 19

we gather a range of salient sensory data (smell/taste) to form perception e.g blind folded when eating

Question 20

what are the similarities between top down and bottom up processing

Answer 20

both are ways to percieve the world, both are automatic and unconcious processes