Perception

Question 1

Interoception

Answer 1

Awareness of own bodily needs

Question 2

Proprioception

Answer 2

Sense of where our limbs are in space

Question 3

Nociception

Answer 3

Sense of pain due to body damage

Question 4

Equilibrioception

Answer 4

Sense of balance

Question 5

Synaesthesia

Answer 5

neurological condition in which
one sense automatically triggers
the experience of another sense

Question 6

Grapheme-colour synesthesia

Answer 6

Colour with letter/numbers

Question 7

Chromesthesia

Answer 7

Sound can evoke an experience of colour

Question 8

McGurk Effect

Answer 8

hear what you see

Question 9

Early visual processing

Answer 9

Sensation, Eyes and the optic nerve

Question 10

Late visual processing

Answer 10

Perception, The visual cortex or
occipital lobe

Question 11

Cones

Answer 11

Color receptors, in center of eye (fovea)

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

Light receptors, in periphery

Question 13

Visual Association Areas

Answer 13

interpret visual signal, assigns meaning

Question 14

WHAT pathway (ventral)

Answer 14

Occipital to temporal lobes; Shape, size, visual details

Question 15

WHERE pathway (dorsal)

Answer 15

Occipital to parietal lobes; Location, space, movement information

Question 16

Ventral Damage

Answer 16

impaired performance on visual object recognition or matching tasks

Question 17

Dorsal Damage

Answer 17

Impaired performance on visual guided action

Question 18

Bottom-up processing:

Answer 18

the influence of information from the
external environment on perception

Question 19

Top-down processing:

Answer 19

the influence of knowledge
(expectations, context and goals) on perception

Question 20

Constructivist Theory of Perception

Answer 20

use what we already know
and expectations to predict how
to perceive sensory information (top-down)

Question 21

Cortical homunculus

Answer 21

Spatially organized map of the body for sensory and motor (freakylooking dude)

Question 22

Olfaction as direct connections

Answer 22

to memory and emotion brain regions … other senses go through the thalamus

Question 23

What has a stronger link to memory and emotion than any of
the other senses

Answer 23

Smell (olfaction)

Question 24

Taste works with which other sense

Answer 24

Smell (olfaction)

Question 25

Some illusions that are examples of assumptions about the visual world:

Answer 25

• The Ponzo illusion
• The monster illusion
• The world is lit from
  above

Question 26

Gestalt Psychology:

Answer 26

There are fundamental organizational principles to deal with ambiguity in our environment

Question 27

Gestalt Psychology: The principle of experience

Answer 27

Figure ground segmentation

Question 28

Gestalt Psychology: Visual grouping principles

Answer 28

• Principle of proximity
• Principle of closed forms
• Principle of good contour
• Principle of similarity

Question 29

Direct models of perception

Answer 29

A passive bottom-up approach to perception. Sensory information is rich enough for perception

Question 30

Affordances

Answer 30

Cues indicate potential function of an object

Question 31

Blindsight

Answer 31

No conscious awareness of visual objects in damaged visual field. Able to implicitly respond to questions about objects presented
in the damaged visual field

Question 32

Visual Perception: Damage to the Dorsal pathway impacts?

Answer 32

spatial information
depth perception
estimating movement and
direction of objects

Question 33

Akinetopsia (WHERE pathway Damage)

Answer 33

Visual motion blindness: cannot see motion. Instead, perceives motion as a series of stationary objects

Question 34

Optic ataxia (WHERE pathway Damage)

Answer 34

Inability to reach for objects with the ability to name objects

Question 35

Visual agnosia (WHAT pathway damage)

Answer 35

Difficulties recognizing everyday objects, can be specific ie. faces

Question 36

Prosopagnosia

Answer 36

Fusiform face area (FFA) damage leads to a selective deficit in recognizing faces (Facial blindness)

Question 37

Apperceptive visual agnosia:

Answer 37

Problems perceiving objects as whole (for prosopagnosia, faces look contorted )

Question 38

Associative visual agnosia:

Answer 38

Problems assigning meaning to objects (for prosopagnosia, can’t recognize familiar famous faces)

Question 39

Template matching theory

Answer 39

Every object has a ‘template’ in long-term memory

Question 40

Feature detection

Answer 40

Visual input is broken down into
individual parts (features)

Question 41

Prototypes Theory

Answer 41

A prototype is the average representation of an object concept