Perceiving Ourselves and Others in an Organizations Flashcards
Self-Concept Definition:
An individual’s self-beliefs and self-evaluations
Three levels of self-concept:
Individual, relational, collective
Three self-concept characteristics (3 C’s):
Complexity( Number of selves)
Consistency( High when multiple selves are similar)
Clarity (High when clear, confident, stable)
What are the four squares in Jahoris window:
Open area= Known to self & Known to others
Hidden area= Known to self & Unknown to others
Blind area= Unknown to self & Known to others
Unkown area=Unknown to self Unknown to others
What are the four self-concepts:
Social self( Opposing need to be unique vs assimilation)
Self-enhancement (Drive to promote/protect a positive self-view )
Self-evaluation (Self Esteem, self-efficacy, Locus of control)
Self-verification (Motivation to confirm/maintain self-concept)
Perception:
The process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us
Perceptual Organization/Interpretation:
Perceptual grouping processes reduce information volume and complexity
Categorical thinking – organizing people/things
You know, for like trends, missing info, similarities
Stereotyping:
Judging someone on the bases of one’s perception of the group to which that person belongs
Attribution Theory:
The theory that when we observe what seems like atypical behavior by an individual, we attempt to determine whether it is internally ore externally caused.
What are the three interpretation steps to decide if something is caused by internal or external factors:
Distinctiveness (how often is this done in other circumstances)
Consensus (how often do other people do this in this situation)
Consistency (How often did they do this in the past)
Fundamental attritbution error:
&
Self-Serving Bias
The tendency to underestimate external factors and overestimate internal factors when making judgments about others’ behaviour.
The tendency to attribute one’s successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.
What are five other perceptual effects
- Halo effect: One trait affects perception of person’s other traits
- False-consensus effect: Overestimate extent that others share our beliefs/traits
- Primacy effect: First impressions are difficult to change
- Recency effect: Most recent information dominates perceptions
- Self-fulfilling prophecy
Three ways of improving perception:
Awareness of perceptual biases
Improving self-awareness
Meaningful interaction
