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anatomy 2 (post) > pelvis LOs > Flashcards

pelvis LOs Flashcards

1
Q

name the bony elements of the pelvic girdle

A

innominate (2)
sacrum
coccyx

encloses the pelvis

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2
Q

structures that form the boundaries of the pelvic inlet/brim

A

sacral promontory
arcuate line
pectineal line
pubic symphysis

divides the pelvis into greater/false and lesser/true

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3
Q

structures that form the boundaries of pelvic outlet

A

coccyx
sacrotuberous ligament
sacrospinous ligament
ischial tuberosities
pubic arch

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4
Q

describe the divisions of the pelvis

A

false/greater pelvis: above the pelvic brim (ilium, part of sacrum)
true/lesser pelvis: below pelvic brim (sacrum, coccyx, ischium, pubis)

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5
Q

name the joints of the pelvis and the ligaments that cross them

A

lumbosacral: anterior longitudinal ligament
sacroiliac: anterior sacroiliac ligament, sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament
pubic symphysis

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6
Q

male versus female pelvis

A

subpubic angle: 70 (m), 90-100 (f)
inlet shape: heart (m), oval (f)
outlet: narrow (m), roomy (f)
cavity: narrow (m), roomy (f)
sacrum: narrow/convex (m), wide/flat (f)

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7
Q

describe the basic structure of the pelvic viscera

A

urinary bladder posterior to pubic symphysis
prostate/uterus
retrouterine/vesical pouch
rectum

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8
Q

describe the structure and course of the ductus (vas) deferens

A

conveys sperm to ejaculatory duct
deep inguinal ring to prostate
meet with seminal glands to form ejaculatory ducts within the prostate, then to urethra

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9
Q

describe the location of the prostate and bulbourethral glands

A

prostate: inferior to urinary bladder, superior to urethra and testis
bulbourethral: small (1 cm) round glands in perineal membrane, secretes down into spondy part

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10
Q

name the 4 parts of the male urethra

A

preprostatic - neck of bladder
prostatic part: through prostate
membranous part: perineal membrane
spongy part

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11
Q

describe the basic structure of the female internal reproductive organs

A

ovary: female gonads, produce ova discharged from follicles
uterine tubes: direct oocyte from peritoneal cavity to uterine cavity, with infundibulum
uterus: thick-walled muscular organ, fetal development, delivery
vagina: canal for menstrual fluid, inferior part of birth canal, cervical canal -> vaginal vestibule

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12
Q

summarize the arterial supply of the pelvis using a drawing of the branches of the internal iliac artery

A
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13
Q

summarize the nerves of the pelvis using a drawing of the sacral plexus

A
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14
Q

describe the location and general function of the perinuem

A
  • location: shallow, narrow compartment inferior tot eh pelvic floor muscles and fascia
  • general function: supports openings from the pelvic floor
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15
Q

name the boundaries and contents of the male and female perineum

A
  • boundaries: pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligament, sacrum, coccyx
    • urogenital and anal triangles
  • female: vulva, anus
    • mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vaginal opening, urethral opening
  • male: penis, scrotum, anus
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16
Q

summarize the perineum and its muscles using a drawing

A
17
Q

describe the nerve supply to the perineum

A
  • posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
    • gluteal br: skin over gluteus maximus
    • perineal br: skin over posterior perineum
  • pudendal nerve
    • inferior rectal n: skin over anus, M to external anal sphincter
    • perineal n
      • muscular br: corpus spongiosum, bulb of vestibule, spngy urethra, M to perineal mm
      • psoterior labial/scrotal brr: skin over labia majora/minora, lower vagine, and urethra/scrotum
    • dorsal n of clitoris/penis: skin over penis or clitoris, corpus cavernosum
18
Q

describe the location of the erectile tissues of the male and female

A
  • female:
    • glans of clitoris
    • vestibular bulb: deep to bulbospongiosus and labia majora
    • crus of clitors: deep to ischiocavernosus
  • male:
    • root/bulb of penis
    • crus of penis
19
Q

describe the ischioanal fossa including contents

A
  • fat pads and loose connective tissue in anal triangle: supports rectum
  • contains pudendal canal: internal pudendal a and pudendal n
  • can have ischioanal abscesses: infection, collection of pus
    • anal sinus inflammation, anal membrane tear (feces), penetrating wound
    • posterior communication – horseshoe shape
20
Q

list the struction comprising the male and female external genitalia

A
  • male: distal urethra, penis, scrotum – proximal, urogenital triangle
  • female: vulva
    • labia majora/minora
    • clitoris
    • vaginal opening
21
Q

describe the internal features of the scrotum

A
  • layers
    • skin
      • superficial fascia – tinuic dartes
      • external spermatic fascia
      • cremasteric fascia and cremaster muscle
      • internal spermatic fascia
      • tunica vaginalis – parietal layer
      • tunica vaginalis on testis – visceral layer
22
Q

arterial supply of the perineum and major branches

A
23
Q

describe the course and branches of the pudendal nerve

A
  • pudendal nerve descends vertically through sciatic foramina around pelvic floor
    • pudendial nerve (S2-S4) – inferior rectal nerve, deep and superficial perineal nerves, posterior scrotal/labial nn, dorsal nerve fo penis/clitoris
    • for micturition, defecation, parturition, erection, ejaculation
24
Q

detail the components responsible for male erection and ejaculation

A
  • erection – parasympathetic
    • smooth muscles of corpus cavernosa relax
    • parasympathetic S2-S4
    • cavernous nn extensions of prostatic plexus
  • ejaculation – sympathetic
    • contraction of internal genital organs
    • sympathetic L1-L2
    • lumbar splanchnics to hypogastric plexus
25
Q

explain the characteristics of thte anal canal

A
  • pelvic diaphragm –> anus
  • external and internal anal sphincters
    • anorectal junction at hemorrhoidal plexus

anatomy 2 (post) (13 decks)

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