LE arthrology LOs Flashcards
1
Q
sacroiliac joint
A
- planar joint: surfaces glide 4 mm
- nutation: anterior rotation of sacrum, inferoposterior glide
- counter nutation: posterior rotation of sacrum, anterosuperior glide
2
Q
hip/femoroacetabular joint
A
- synovial, ball and socket
- convex femoral head
- concave acetabulum
- motions
- flexion: spin with inferior and posterior glide
- extension: spine with anterior and superior glide
- ER: anterior glide
- IR: posterior glide
- adduction: superior glide
- abduction: inferior glide
3
Q
patellofemoral
A
- planar joint: for flexion and extension
- patellar slides within trochlear groove of femur
- motions
- flexion: inferior glide
- extension: superior glide
- some medial and lateral gliding
4
Q
proximal (superior) tibiofibular joint
A
- planar
- motions
- extension: posterior glide
- flexion: anterior glide
5
Q
tibiofemoral joint
A
- hinge, bi-condylar
- larger medial femoral condyle
- tibia ER with full extension – pivots of tibia on femur laterally from 30 to 0
- concave tibia (menisci)
6
Q
dynamic/muscular stability of SIJ
A
SIJ
- transversus abdominis, latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus
7
Q
labrum
A
- closed off by transverse acetabular ligament
- may provide stability
8
Q
femoral osseous angles
A
angle of inclincation
angle of torsion
9
Q
angle of inclination
A
- implications on joint reaction forces and muscle demand
- normal angle 125 degrees
- coxa varus: 115 degrees
- reduced muscles forces needed
- increases force across femoral neck
- leads to genu valgum at knee
- coxa valga: 140 degrees
- increased muscle F
- less F on femoral neck
- leads to genu varum at knee
10
Q
angle of torsio
A
- torsion in femoral shaft relative to head and neck
- 8-15 degrees is normal
- angle between axis of femoral condyles and axis of femoral head
- excessive anteversion – 35 degrees
- toe in
- retroversion – 5 degrees
- toe out
11
Q
labral tears
A
- very common
- 70% of asymptomatic individuals have labral pathologies
12
Q
meniscal tears
A
- several types, can do repairs
- for traumatic lesion in vascular zone
13
Q
patellar instability
A
- anatomic facotrs
- MPFL or retinacular deficiency
- shallow trochlear groove
- flat patella/trochlear dysplasia
- patella alta (high patella)
14
Q
tibiofibular dislocation
A
- ligament repair
- implications in recovery
15
Q
distal (inferior) tibiofibular joint
A
- planar, syndesmosis
- mainly supported by AITFL (anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament) and interosseous membrane