Pelvis: Bones + Muscles Flashcards
What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
Secondary cartilaginous
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
Synovial
Which bones of the pelvis form the obturator foramen?
Ischium and superior rami of the pubis
Which structures pass through the obturator canal?
Obturator nerve L2-L4
Obturator vein
Obturator artery (branch of ADIIA)
Which structure defines and separates the greater and lesser sciatic notches?
Ischial spines
Which ligament forms the greater sciatic notch?
Sacrospinous ligament
Which ligament forms the lesser sciatic notch?
Sacrotuberous ligament
Which two muscles form the side walls of the pelvis?
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Which nerve innervates the piriformis muscle?
Nerve to piriformis L5-S2
What are the attachments of the piriformis muscle?
Anterior surface of the sacrum
Leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen
Attaches to greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the piriformis muscle?
External rotation of the hip
Which nerve innervates the obturator internus?
Nerve to obturator internus L5-S2
What are the attachments of the obturator internus?
Obturator membrane
Leaves pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen
Attaches to greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the obturator internus?
External rotation of the hip
Which two muscles form the pelvic diaphragm?
Levator ani
Coccygeus
What are the three parts of the levator ani?
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
What is the blood supply to the levator ani?
Inferior rectal and internal pudendal arteries
What is the nerve supply to the levator ani?
Pudendal nerve
What are the boundaries of the deep perineal pouch?
S: levator ani
I: Perineal membrane
What are the contents of the deep perineal pouch?
Deep transverse perineal muscle
External urethral sphincter
Bulbourethral glands
What are the boundaries of the superficial perineal pouch?
S: perineal membrane
I: perineal fascia
What are the contents of the superficial perineal pouch?
Ischiocavernosus Bulbocavernosus Superficial perineal muscles Batholin glands Crura of the clitoris
What is the boundary between the false pelvis and the true pelvis?
Pelvic inlet
What is the boundary between the true pelvis and the perineum?
Levator ani
The plane of the pelvic inlet is at what angle to the horizontal?
60
What anatomical landmark is used for gauging the station of the foetal head during labour?
Ischial spines
What is the nerve supply to the coccygeus muscle?
Anterior rami of S4 and S5
Which muscle forms the bulk of the levator ani?
Pubococcygeus
Which structures attach to the perineal body?
External anal sphincter
Transverse perineal muscles
Levator ani
Bulbospongiosus
What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
