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Anatomy 2 > Pelvis, Abdomen > Flashcards

Pelvis, Abdomen Flashcards

0
Q

What makes up the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

Transversalis fascia

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1
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

EOM aponeurosis

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2
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

EOM aponeurosis

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3
Q

What fascia covers a direct hernia

A

External spermatic fascia

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4
Q

What fascia covers an indirect hernia?

A

Peritoneum and layers of spermatic cord

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5
Q

What hernia enters the deep inguinal ring

A

Indirect hernia

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6
Q

Main vessels and nerves in the abdominal wall are deep to what muscle layer?

A

Internal oblique muscle

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7
Q

Origin of the superior epigastric artery

A

Internal thoracic artery

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8
Q

Peritoneum initially irritated in acute appendicitis

A

Visceral peritoneum

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9
Q

Location of the appendix from the ileocecal valve

A

1 inch below ileocecal valve

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10
Q

Origin of iliohypogastric nerve

A

L1

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11
Q

What nerve may be injured in appendectomy leading to weakening of the anterior abdominal wall

A

Iliohypogastric nerve

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12
Q

Vertebral level - start of abdominal aorta?

A

T12

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13
Q

Vertebral level - end of abdominal aorta?

A

L4

It bifurcates to the right and left common iliacs

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14
Q

Anterior unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Celiac trunk
SMA
IMA

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15
Q

Lateral paired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Suprarenal
Renal
Gonadal

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16
Q

Unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Celiac
SMA
IMA
Median sacral

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17
Q

Terminal branches of the abdominal aorta

A 
Median sacral (unpaired)
Common iliac (paired)
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18
Q

Vertebral level - celiac artery

A

T12

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19
Q

Branches of the celiac trunk

A

Left gastric
Splenic
Common Hepatic

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20
Q

Beaches of the splenic artery

A

Short gastric

Left gastroepiploic

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21
Q

Branches of the common hepatic artery

A

Right gastric
Proper hepatic
Gastroduodenal

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22
Q

Branches of the gastroduodenal artery

A

Right gastroepiploic

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

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23
Q

Branches of the SMA

A 
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Middle colic
Right colic
Ileocolic 
Jejunal and ileal branches
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24
Origin of the appendicular artery
Ileocecal artery - SMA
25
Vertebral level - SMA
L1
26
Midgut
D2 to 2/3 of transverse colon
27
Branches of IMA
Left colic Sigmoid Superior rectal
28
Vertebral level - IMA
L3
29
Anterior to the SMA
NECK of the pancreas
30
Posterior to SMA
D3 (horizontal part)
31
Foregut
Parynx, esophagus, stomach, proximal 1/2 of duodenum
32
Origin of foregut, midgut and hindi it
Endodermal lining of the yolk sac
33
Upper border of the anal canal
Dentate line/ Pectinate line
34
Innervation of ascending colon
CN X
35
Innervation of sigmoid colon
Pelvic sphlancnic nerves (from S2-S4)
36
Where does pain radiate - foregut derivatives ?
Epigastric
37
Where does pain radiate - hindgut derivatives ?
Hypogastric
38
Where does pain radiate - midgut derivatives?
Periumbilical area
39
Lymph nodes that receive lymph from stomach?
Celiac nodes
40
Left gastric vein - what does it drain? Where does it drain?
Drains left portion of lesser curvature of stomach and distal esophagus Opens directly into the portal vein
41
Portal tributaries involved in porto-systemic shunting
Left gastric v Paraumbilical v Superior rectal v
42
Blood supply of the liver
70% portal vein | 30% hepatic artery
43
Fatty tags
Appendices epoploicae
44
Permanent folds in the mucous membrane of SI
Plicae circulares - absent in colon
45
Where is villi present? SI or Colon?
SI | No villi in the colon
46
Where are Peyer's patches found?
SI - most in ileum
47
Caudate and quadrate lobes - functional part of what part?
Left
48
What keeps the liver in position in the abdominal cavity?
Attachment of the hepatic veins to the IVC (Snell) | The peritoneal ligaments and abdominal muscle tone play a minor role
49
Liver biopsy?
Full expiration 8th or 9th ICS MAL (Snell)
50
Why is pain in acute chole referred to the shoulder?
Irritation of the subdiaphragmatic parietal peritoneum (supplied by phrenic nerve C3-5) The skin in the shoulder is supplied by supraclavicular nerves (C3,C4)
51
Uncinate process of the pancreas
Within the head
52
Blood supply of pancreas
Splenic a | Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal a
53
The long axis of the spleen lies where?
Along the shaft of the 10th rib
54
Pancreatic islet cells start secreting insulin and glucagon starting ?
5th month
55
Largest branch of celiac artery
Splenic artery
56
Retro peritoneal space
12th thoracic vertebra to sacrum and iliac crests
57
Renal hilum structures - from anterior to posterior
Renal vein Renal artery Pelvis VAP!
58
Muscles that form posterior wall of retro peritoneum
Psoas Quadratus lumborum Origin of transverse abdominis
59
What structures hold the kidneys in position
Perirenal fat, renal fascia, pararenal fat
60
What part of the duodenum is anterior to the right kidney?
D2
61
Kidneys - blood supply?
Aorta - renal arteries - segmental - lobar - interlobar - arcuate - interlobular - afferent
62
MC location of gastric ulcer
Lesser curvature at or near incisura
63
Posterior stomach perforation - where will contents accumulate?
Omental bursa
64
Fundus of stomach supplied by?
Short gastric arteries
65
Blood supply to lesser curvature
Right and left gastric
66
Blood supply to greater curvature of stomach
Right and left gastroepiploic
67
Blood supple to gastric fundus
Short gastric
68
Where do the right and left gastric v drain?
Portal cein
69
Where do the L gastroepiploic v drain?
Splenic --> portal v
70
Where does the right gastroepiploic v drain?
SMV --> portal vein
71
Most common site of gastric carcinoma
Pylorus
72
Distance from nostril to 1st esophageal constriction
7.2 inches | 18 cm
73
Distance from nostril to 2nd esophageal constriction
11.2 in | 28 cm
74
Distance from nostril to 3rd esophageal constriction
17.2 in | 44 cm
75
Most anterior structure within the renal hilum
Vein VAP - vein, artery, pelvis
76
Kidney fascia
Gerota's fascia
77
Adrenal fascia
Gerota's fascia Along with kidney
78
Fat within renal fascia
Perirenal fat | Outside - pararenal fat
79
Renal transplantation anastomoses
Renal artery anastomosed to internal iliac artery Renal vein to external iliac vein
80
Injury of left testicle --> swelling and tenderness - thrombosis of which vein?
Left renal vein - drains to IVC
81
MC site of varicocele
Left
82
Posterior to right adrenal
Diaphragm
83
Posterior to left adrenal
Diaphragm
84
Embryonic derivative of adrenal medulla
Neural crest -- ectoderm
85
Embryonic derivative of adrenal cortex
Mesoderm
86
Inferior supra renal artery is from?
Renal artery
87
Right supra renal artery drains into?
IVC
88
Blood supply of adrenals
Superior - from inf phrenic a Middle - from abdominal aorta Inferior - from renal a
89
Weight of adrenal gland
4g
90
Weight of thyroid gland
20g
91
Renal pain - what spinal cord level?
T12
92
Site for kidney transplantation
Iliac fossa on posterior abdominal wall
93
3 constrictions of the ureter
UPJ As it crosses the pelvic brim Where it pierces the bladder wall
94
MCC of Cushing's syndrome
Supra renal cortical hyperplasia
95
IVC - on right or left of aorta?
IVC ascends on the right side of the aorta
96
Three lateral visceral tributaries of the IVC
Right adrenal Right testicular or ovarian R and L renal
97
Beginning of the thoracic duct in the abdomen
Cisterna chylii
98
Nerve supply to the skin of lower abdominal wall
Iliohypogastric
99
Nerve that passes through inguinal canal to supply the skin to the groin, scrotum, labia majora
Ilioinguinal nerve
100
Femoral nerve roots
L2, L3, L4
101
Largest branch of lumbar plexus
Femoral nerve
102
Nerve roots of obturator nerve
L2,3,4
103
Nerve roots of genitofemoral nerve
L1,2
104
Nerve supply to cremaster muscle
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Enters the spermatic cord
105
Nerve that enters the spermatic cord
Genitofemoral nerve - genital branch

Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

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