Pelvis Flashcards
what are the three bones that form the pelvis?
ischium
ilium
pubis
what do the inominate bones articulate with?
sacrum (via auricular surface)
femur (via acetabulum)
each other (via pubic symphysis)
what is the other name given to the retroauricular area and where is it found?
iliac tuberoisty
area superior to the auricular surface
what forms the iliopectineal line?
the arcuate line and the pectineal line
what is the significance of the iliopubic eminence?
the point that marks the union of the ilium and the pubis
has the iliopectineal line on its border
what is the spina limitans?
junction/line between iliac tuberosity (retroauricular surface) and the iliac fossa
what are the three gluteal lines and what attaches to/between each line?
anterior, posterior and inferior
buhind posterior: gluteus maximus
between posteiror and anteiror: gluteus medius
between anterior and inferior: gluteus minimus
where is the superior pubic (iliopubic) ramus?
between the acetabulum and the pubic symphysis
where is the inferior pubic (ischiopubic) ramus?
between the ischial tuberosity and the pubic symphysis
what muscles attach to the ischiopubic ramus? (from lateral to medial)
adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus gracilis (inferior to adductor brevis) obturator externus (superior to adductor brevis)
what muscles attach to ischial tuberosity?
semimemembranosus
semitendinosus
long head of biceps femoris
what attaches to the anteiror superior iliac spine?
inguinal ligament
sartorius
tensor fasciae latae
what attaches to the anterior inferior iliac spine?
rectus femoris
iliofemoral ligament
what ligaments attach to the acetabulum, where do they run and what is their function?
ligamentum teres: acetabulum -> fovea capitis of femur
transverse acetabular ligament: at edge, across the acetabular notch
both prevent displacement of the femur
where is gluteus medius and what is its function?
anterior gluteal line of ilium -> lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
extension and rotation of hip
where is gluteus minimus and what is its function?
inferior gluteal line of ilium -> anterior border of greater trochanter of femur
extension and rotation of hip
where is gluteus maximus and what is its function?
posterior gluteal line of ilium and sacrum -> gluteal tuberosity (via iliotibial tract)
extension and rotation of hip
where does the inguinal ligament run?
ASIS -> pubic tubercle of pubis
where does sartorius run and what is its function?
ASIS -> upper medial tibia
flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh at hip
where is tesor fasciae latae and what its its function?
ASIS -> lateral condyle of tibia (via iliotibial tract)
flexion, abduction and rotation of thigh
where does the ibiotibial tract run and what is its function?
iliac tubercle -> lateral condyle of tibia
extension, abduction and lateral rotation of hip; stabilises the knee
where is rectus femoris and what is its function?
AIIS and superior to acetabulum -> patella (via patellar tendon)
flexion of thigh at hip; extension of leg at knee
where does the iliofemoral ligament run and what is its function?
AIIS -> intertrochanteric line of femur
maintains position of the pelvis; keeps femoral head in acetabulum
where is iliacus and what is its function?
iliac fossa -> lesser trochanter of femur
flexion of thigh at hip
where is pectineus and what is its function?
pectineal line of pubis -> pectineal line of the femur
flexion and adduction of thigh
where is adductor magnus and what is its function?
inferior pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity -> linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
adduction, extension and rotation of thigh
where is adductor longus and what is its function?
anterior pubis -> medial lip of linea aspera
adduction, flexion and medial rotation of thigh
where is biceps femoris and what is its function?
ischial tuberoisty (long head) and linea aspera to lateral supracondylar ridge (short head) -> lateral head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
extension of thigh at hip
extension and lateral flexion of leg at knee
where is semitendinosus and what is its function?
ischial tuberosity -> medial diaphysis of tibia
extension of thigh at hip; flexion and rotation of knee
where is semimembranosus and what is its function?
ischial tuberosity -> posterior medial condyle of tibia
extension of thigh at hip; flexion and rotation of knee, extension of hip
what are the non-metric traits of the pelvis?
accessory iliac and sacral facets (articulations between ilium and sacrum other than at auricular surface)
pre-auricular sulcus (groove inferior to auricular surface)
acetabular crease (groove in lunate surface)
underdeveloped acetabulum
dorsal pitting (eroded areas on pubic body)
sexing the pelvis: difference in the obturator foramen
male: large and ovoid
female: small and triangular
sexing the pelvis: difference in acetabulum
male: large, laterally oriented
female small, anteirorly oriented
sexing the pelvis: difference in pelvic inlet shape
male: heart shaped, narrow mediolaterally
female: circular/ellipitical, wide mediolaterally
sexing the pelvis: difference in true pelvis shape
ratio of the true and false pelvis is more equal in males, the false pelvis is larger than true pelvis in female
sexing the pelvis: difference in greater sciatic notch
male: narrow and deep
female: shallow and wide
sexing the pelvis: difference in auricular surface
male: depressed, wide
female: raised narrow
sexing the pelvis: pre-auricular sulcus
males: absent of illusionary
females: often present and well developed
sexing the pelvis: difference in ilium shape
males: high, vertical
females: laterally divergent
sexing the pelvis: difference in subpubic angle
males: narrow, v-shaped, acute
females: wide, u-shaped, obtuse
sexing the pelvis: subpubic concavity
males: slight to absent
females: present
sexing the pelvis: ventral arc
males: absent
females: elevated ridge extending inferolaterally across the ventral pubis (it’s an additional surface before the pubic symphysis)
sexing the pelvis: dorsal pubic pitting
males: absent
females: present
