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Sectional Anatomy > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the organs in pelvis

A

distal small bowel, descending and ascending colon, sometimes kidneys and peritoneum

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2
Q

what else does pelvis contain

A

organs of reproduction, as well as urinary bladder

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3
Q

what quadrant does ascending colon begin

A

RLQ

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4
Q

what does ascending colon begin as

A

cecum

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5
Q

what is a sac like projection of large bowel below level of ilo-cecal junction

A

cecum

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6
Q

what extends from cecum as same level

A

vermiform appendix

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7
Q

what is in LLQ

A

descending colon

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8
Q

what does descending colon transition into

A

signoid colon and ultimately rectum

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9
Q

how does sigmoid colon get its name

A

has several s shaped curves as it travels towards rectum

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10
Q

appearance of haustra typical to LB can sometimes be minimized or absent where

A

in sigmoid

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11
Q

what is end of GI tract termed

A

rectum

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12
Q

where is rectum located

A

between sigmoid colon and anus

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13
Q

in males, where is rectum to urinary bladder and prostate

A

posterior

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14
Q

in females rectum is located posterior to the what

A

vagina and uterus

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15
Q

what part of colon is considered to be retroperitoneal

A

rectum

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16
Q

why is rectum considered to be retroperitoneal

A

because it is only partially covered with peritoneum

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17
Q

what is rectum continuous with

A

anal canal

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18
Q

what is attached to cecum

A

appendix

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19
Q

about how far below ileo cecal junction is the appendix

A

2.5 cm

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20
Q

what is length of appendix

A

8cm

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21
Q

when is appendix longer and narrower

A

in children than in adults

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22
Q

what is appendix sometimes called

A

vermiform appendix

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23
Q

why does appendix have different name

A

because it resembles a worm

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24
Q

where can appendix be found

A

behind cecum or behind ascending colon

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25
Q

where does appendix usually apparent

A

RLQ

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26
Q

which portion of small bowel is never appearing below level of sacral promninens

A

duodenum

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27
Q

as a rule, majority of last part of SB is visualized where

A

in pelvis (ileum)

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28
Q

what is a variable structure and shape in anterior pelvis

A

urinary bladder

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29
Q

what are the urinary bladder walls composed of

A

thin elastic muscle

30
Q

how is the urinary bladder differentiated from the reproductive organs and rectum

A

most anterior structure in typical arrangement

31
Q

where do the ureters extend from

A

renal hilum

32
Q

where do ureters join the bladder

A

posterior surface

33
Q

what is situated below and behind urinary bladder in males

A

prostate

34
Q

what does prostate surround

A

urethra

35
Q

what substance does prostate secretes

A

alkaline during ejaculation

36
Q

what does the alkaline substance help

A

neutralize the acidity of the vagina

37
Q

where does prostate sit

A

floor of pelvis behind bladder - in front of rectum

38
Q

what begins as a bulb in floor of pelvis

A

penis

39
Q

what does the penis contain

A

urethra

40
Q

what is a space extending from the external genitalia to uterus

A

vagina

41
Q

what does vagina appear as

A

small tubular muscle anterior and adjacent to rectum

42
Q

what does vaginal canal give way to

A

uterus

43
Q

what is a sac like muscle

A

uterus

44
Q

what is uterus designed to

A

protect and nourish a developing child

45
Q

what does uterus typically visualized as

A

a small, walled cavity in central pelvis

46
Q

during menstruation, walls of the uterus do what

A

thicken

47
Q

what can uterus have the potentially of doing

A

expanding into abdomen during menstruation

48
Q

in some woman, the uterus may do what

A

turn over the bladder and portions of it may appear on tip of or in front of bladder

49
Q

how are the ovaries often visualized

A

as a walnut sized structures on the right and left edges of uterus

50
Q

during ovulation, the ovaries do what

A

swell and become more noteable

51
Q

what is main fulcrum of human body

A

boney pelvis

52
Q

what does pelvis support

A

vertebral column and transfers weight of upper body to lower extremities

53
Q

what does the structures of boney pelvis include

A

lower vertebral column (sacrum and coccyx), pelvis proper (ilium, ischium, and pubis), and superior aspects of femurs

54
Q

what does the ilium form

A

prominent iliac crests

55
Q

what does ilium maintain

A

articulation of pelvis with the sacrum

56
Q

the bodies of each of the 3 pelvic bones joint at the what

A

acetabulum

57
Q

what is the socket in which the femoral head resides

A

acetabulum

58
Q

inferiorly, what do the pubis and ischium form

A

an open ring called obturator foramen

59
Q

the obturator foramen itself has 3 sides name what

A

rami

60
Q

these rings articulate anteriorly at a joint called

A

pubic symphysis

61
Q

what are the superior aspect of femurs

A

femoral head, neck and greater& lesser trochanters

62
Q

where does the aorta bifurcate

A

in front of 4th lumbar vertebrae

63
Q

what level does the aorta bifurcate

A

level of umbilicus

64
Q

what are the 2 large branches of aorta bifurcation termed

A

common iliac arteries

65
Q

what do the common iliac arteries branch into

A

internal and external iliac arteries

66
Q

what does external iliac artery become

A

common femoral artery

67
Q

where does the external iliac artery become common femoral artery at

A

below inguinal ligament

68
Q

what does common femoral artery do

A

feeds most of lower limbs

69
Q

what is IVC formed by

A

several confluences that follow same patterns as aortic bifurcations

70
Q

what level is IVC formed at

A

level of L4

71
Q

how is IVC formed

A

by joining of common iliac veins

72
Q

what is common iliac veins formed by

A

internal and external iliac veins

Sectional Anatomy (14 decks)

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