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SHB Exam 2 > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the true pelvis and which is the false?

A
  • True: pelvis minor, inferior to superior pelvic aperture

- False: pelvis major, b/w the iliac fossae

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2
Q

What ligament spans from iliac to sacral tuberosities?

A

Sacroiliac ligament

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3
Q

What vertebra sits above the sacrum?

A

L5

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4
Q

What ligament spans from L5 to iliac crest? (not on test)

A

Iliolumbar ligament

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5
Q

What ligament spans from the lateral sacrum/coccyx to the ischial tuberosity?

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

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6
Q

What ligament spans from the sacrum to the ischial spine?

A

Sacrospinous ligament

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7
Q

What hole is formed above the sacrotuberous ligament?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

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8
Q

What hole is formed b/w the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments?

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

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9
Q

Obturator internus m: OIIA?

A

O: Inner surface of obturator membrane
I: Greater trochanter of femur

I: Nerve to obturator internus
A: Laterally rotates and stabilizes hip

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10
Q

Piriformis m: OIIA?

A

O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur

I: Nerve to piriformis (ant rami S1, S2)
A: Laterally rotates and stabilizes hip, abducts thigh

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11
Q

What 2 mm. make up the floor of the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  • Levator ani mm.

- Coccygeus m.

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12
Q

What are the 2 mm. of the levator ani mm?

A
  • Iliococcygeus m.

- Pubococcygeus m.

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13
Q

What is the pelvic fascia continuous with?

A

Transversalis fascia

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14
Q

Coccygeus m: OIIA?

A

O: Sacrospinous ligament
I: Coccyx

I: Ant rami S4, S5 (nerve to coccygeus?)
A: Supports pelvic viscera

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15
Q

What is the term for the white line in the pelvic fascia over the obturator foramen?
What attaches onto this line?

A
  • Arcus tendineus

- Levator ani mm.

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16
Q

What m. lies right next to the sacrospinous ligament?

A

Coccygeus m.

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17
Q

Levator ani mm: OIIA?

A

O: Tendineus arch, body of pubis, ischial spine
I: Perineal body, coccyx, anococcygeal raphe, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum, anal canal

I: Ventral rami of lower sacral nerves, perineal n.
A: Supports pelvic viscera, raises pelvic floor

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18
Q

What is the function of the urogenital diaphragm?

A

Provides a solid support for the pelvic viscera

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19
Q

What is the general supply of the anterior division of the internal iliac a? What about for the posterior division?

A
  • Ant: Supplies most of the blood to the pelvis

- Post: All are muscular branches

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20
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A

“Um, obviously I value my really insanely good iced popsicle”

  • Umbilical a., gives branch to superior vesicle a.
  • Obturator a.
  • Inferior vesicle a.
  • Middle rectal a.
  • Inferior gluteal a.
  • Internal pudendal a.
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21
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A

“I love sugar”

  • Iliolumbar a.
  • Lateral sacral a.
  • Superior gluteal a.
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22
Q

What is the branch of the umbilical a?

A

Superior vesicle a.

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23
Q

In females, the vaginal a. and uterine a. can replace which a.?

A

Inferior vesicle a.

24
Q

What m. is the dividing line for the name of the superior and inferior gluteal aa., among others?

A

Piriformis m.

25
Q

What a. goes through the obturator foramen?

A

Obturator a., v., n.

26
Q

What a. goes through the holes in the sacrum?

A

Lateral sacral a.

27
Q

What does the sacral plexus span from?

A

L4-S5

  • Ventral rami os S1-S4
  • Receives L4-L5 from lumbosacral trunk
28
Q

What m. does the sacral plexus rest on?

A

Piriformis m.

29
Q

What is the ganglion impar?

A

Where the 2 pelvic sympathetic trunks converge (near tip of coccyx)

30
Q

What are the nerve root contributions for the sciatic n?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

31
Q

What are the nerve root contributions for the femoral n?

A

L2, L3, L4 (keeps the foot off the floor)

32
Q

What are the nerve root contributions for the pudendal n?

A

S2, S3, S4 (keeps the junk off the floor)

33
Q

What are the 2 portions of the sciatic n?

A
  • Common peroneal portion

- Tibial portion

34
Q

Where does the rectum end?

A

Ano-rectal junction

35
Q

Where is the vesicouterine pouch??

A

B/w the bladder and uterus, females only

36
Q

Where is the rectouterine pouch?

What’s another name for it?

A
  • B/w the rectum and uterus, female only

AKA Cul-de-sac of Douglas

37
Q

What is the rectal ampulla?

A

Terminal dilated part of rectum

38
Q

Where is the rectovesicle pouch?

A

B/w rectum and bladder, males only

39
Q

What marks the transition from the rectum to the anal canal, caudal to the ano-rectal junction?

A

Pectinate line

40
Q

What sensation is above and below the pectinate line?

What is the pattern of lymph drainage above and below the line?

A
  • GVA above (deeper sensation). Lymph drainage is internal

- SVA below (sharp, localized). Lymph drainage superficial

41
Q

What aa. supply the rectum?

A
  • Superior rectal a. (upper 2/3++)
  • Middle rectal a. (lower 1/3, muscular)
  • Inferior rectal a. (anasotmoses w/sup rectal in anal columns)
42
Q

Where did the superior rectal a. branch from?

A

IMA

43
Q

Where did the middle rectal a. branch from?

A

Internal iliac a., anterior division

44
Q

Where did the inferior rectal a. branch from?

A

Internal pudendal a.

45
Q

Which circuits are the rectal vv. off of?

A

Superior rectal v: portal system (liver, so cirrhosis can lead to hemorrhoids)
Middle and inferior rectal vv: somatic circuits

46
Q

Which anal sphincter is voluntary vs. involuntary?

A

Internal: involuntary
External: voluntary

47
Q

What m. is in the wall of the bladder?

A

Detrusor m.

48
Q

What aa. supply the bladder?

A
  • Superior vesicle a. (ant division; off umbilical a.)

- Inferior vesicle a. (ant division; sometimes replaced by vaginal and uterine aa. in females)

49
Q

What is the name of the smooth triangular region of the bladder?

A

Trigone

50
Q

Why are females more prone to UTI?

A

Urethra is only ~1.5” long

51
Q

What are the main parts of the male urethra?

A
  1. Prostatic urethra
  2. Membranous urethra
  3. Spongy urethra
52
Q

Where do the ductus deferens and seminal vesicles merge to enter the prostatic urethra?

A

Ejaculator duct

53
Q

What is the prostatic utricle?

A

Small, epithelium-lined diverticulum in the prostatic urethra
- homologue of female vagina

54
Q

The umbilical a. gives a branch to what a.?

A

Superior vesicle a.

55
Q

Piriformis m. comes out of which foramen?

Obturator internus m. comes out of which foramen?

A
  • Greater sciatic foramen

- Lesser sciatic foramen

56
Q

Where does the sciatic n. exit the pelvis?

A

Greater sciatic foramen, above the sacrospinous ligament, and goes out below the piriformis m.

57
Q

What is the course of the pudendal n. in the pelvis?

A

Goes in greater sciatic foramen and out the lesser sciatic foramen, coursing over the sacrospinous ligament. Then goes through alcock’s (pudendal) canal.

SHB Exam 2 (17 decks)

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