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SHB Exam 2 > Joints, LE > Flashcards

Joints, LE Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the coxofemoral joint?

A

Multiaxial, synovial, ball and socket joint

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2
Q

What 3 ligaments attach to the femur in the hip joint?

A
  • Iliofemoral
  • Pubofemoral
  • Ischiofemoral
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3
Q

Besides joint stabilization, what’s the main function of the iliofemoral ligament?

A

Prevent thigh hyperextension

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4
Q

Besides joint stabilization, what’s the main function of the pubofemoral ligament?

A

Prevent hyperabduction (and aids in preventing hyperextension)

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5
Q

Besides joint stabilization, what’s the main function of the ischiofemoral ligament?

A

Prevents thigh hyperextension

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6
Q

What is the ligamentum teres of the hip joint?

A
  • An intracapsular ligament that runs from the fovea capitis to the acetabulum (has an a. running thru it to femoral head)
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7
Q

What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?

A
  • Modified synovial (uniaxial w/slight rotation)
  • Hinge joint
    (very weak)
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8
Q

What are the articulating surfaces of the tibiofemoral joint?

A
  • Tibia: medial and lateral tibial plateaus
    (concave w/hyaline cartilage)
  • Femur: medial and lateral femoral condyles
    (convex w/hyaline cartilage)
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9
Q

What are the medial and lateral menisci attached to?

A

Medial and lateral tibial plateaus

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10
Q

The medial meniscus is shaped like the letter ___ while the lateral meniscus is shaped like the letter ___.

A

MC Lamar Odom

  • Medial: “C”
  • Lateral: “O”
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11
Q

Which meniscus is less commonly injured? Why?

A

Lateral, because it is attached posteriorly to the popliteus m.

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12
Q

What’s the function of the medial meniscus?

A

Checks tibial abduction (and some tibial hyperextension)

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13
Q

What’s the function of the lateral meniscus?

A

Checks tibial adduction (and some tibial hyperextension)

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14
Q

Is the MCL, LCL, or both attached to its/their menisci?

A

Only MCL is strongly attached to the medial meniscus (lateral meniscus is attached to popliteus m. instead)

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15
Q

Explain the spatial arrangement of the ACL

A
  • Arises from anterior intercondylar eminence of tibia, goes posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally, attaching to medial side of lateral femoral condyle
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16
Q

What’s the function of the ACL?

A

Checks for anterior translation of the tibia (vs. the femur) as well as leg hyperextension

17
Q

What is an anterior drawer sign?

A
  • Initial clinical assessment for suspect ruptured ACL
  • Flex leg at 90 degrees, grab onto tibia to see if they can pull it anteriorly. If it pulls out like a drawer, they’ve torn their ACL
18
Q

Explain the spatial arrangement of the PCL

A
  • Arises from posterior intercondylar eminence to anterior part of lateral surface of medial femoral condyle
19
Q

What’s the function of the PCL?

A

Checks for posterior translation of the tibia (vs. the femur) as well as leg hyperextension

20
Q

Which direction does the patella move w/leg extension? Flexion?

A
  • Extension: moves superiorly

- Flexion: moves inferiorly

21
Q

Name the tendon that attaches from the quadriceps to the patella. What about from the patella to the tibia?

A
  • Quadriceps tendon
  • Patellar tendon
    (help stabilize anterior joint capsule as well)
22
Q

What is pivot shift injury?

A

A non-contact injury caused by quick deceleration, flexion of the knee, lateral rotation of the femur (medial rotation of the tibia), and a valgus force (e.g. cutting in football)

23
Q

Force coming from which direction could cause a “terrible triad” injury?
What would be injured?

A
  • Force comes from lateral side

- Ruptures MCL and ACL, w/strain causing tearing to the medial meniscus

24
Q

What’s the name of the joint immediately inferior to the knee?
What is the likely function of this joint?

A
  • Superior tibiofibular joint

- Likely aids in supporting proper mechanics of the ankle joint

25
Q

What’s the proper name for the ankle joint?

A

Talocrural joint

26
Q

What’ a lay term for a syndesmotic ankle sprain?
Which joint is affected?
How would you treat it?

A
  • High ankle sprain
  • Inferior tibiofibular joint
  • Boot
27
Q

What 3 ligaments hold together the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A
  • Anterior tibiofibular ligament
  • Interosseous tibiofibular ligament (strongest)
  • Posterior tibiofibular ligament
28
Q

Which bones are articulating in the talocrural joint?

A
  • Talus (at trochlea)
  • Tibia (medial malleolus)
  • Fibula (lateral malleolus)
29
Q

Name the sets of ligaments make up the talocrural joint.

A
  • Lateral ligaments

- Deltoid ligaments (medially)

30
Q

What ligaments support the lateral talocrural joint?

What’s their main fcn?

A
  • Anterior talofibular ligament
  • Calcaneofibular ligament
  • Posterior talofibular ligament

Checks inversion and dorsiflexion

31
Q

What ligaments support the deltoid joint?

What’s their main fcn?

A
  • Anterior tibiotalar ligament
  • Tibionavicular ligament
  • Tibiocalcaneal ligament
  • Posterior tibiotalar ligament

Checks eversion

32
Q

What 2 main ligaments support the foot’s longitudinal arch?

A
  • Long plantar ligament

- Short plantar ligament

33
Q

What ligament do we have to know that supports the medial longitudinal arch?

A
  • Spring ligament (plantar calcaneonavicular ligament)

SHB Exam 2 (17 decks)

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