Pelvic Pathology Flashcards
Mullerian Ducts
The embryonic tubes that give rise to the female genitalia
Uterus Didelphys
Complete duplication of the uterus
Most common congenital problem of the Fallopian tubes
Atresia of the tubes
T- shaped uterus is associated with:
Women whose mothers took DES during their pregnancies
Gartner’s duct cysts
Cysts that may occur in the vagina
Most common tumor in the female organs
Leiomyoma
Another name for endometrioma
Chocolate cyst
Most definitive method to diagnose endometrial cancer
D & C
Most common type of endometrial cancer
Adenocarcinoma
Mets of endometrial cancer is usually to:
Para Aortic nodes and Liver
Least common type of fibroid tumor is:
Submucosal
Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome
Complication of PID.
Inflammation of the peritoneum, glysson’s capsule. Diaphragm may be affected. Severe RUQ pain, fever, chills, headaches, malaise. Fluid tracks up in the paracolic gutters of the pelvis
Avg ovarian vol of polycystic ovaries
12 cm
90% of ovarian cancers are:
Serous Cystadenocarcinomas
Pseudomyxoma Peritoneii
Implants on the visceral surfaces caused by a ruptured mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
Tumor associated with patients who have endometrial cancer
Endometriod
Tumor associated with cystadenomas or cystic teratomas
Brenner tumor
A tumor which is a variation of the endometriod with its origin from the Müllerian duct:
Clear cell carcinoma
What tumor is associated with Meigs syndrome?
Ovarian Fibroma
A pelvic mass, hydrothorax, and ascites describe which syndrome that resolves after the tumor is removed
Meigs syndrome
Mostly benign germ cell layer tumor:
Cystic teratoma
Tumors that contain bits of bone, teeth and hair are:
Cystic teratomas and solid teratomas
Malignant germ cell layer tumor
Dysgerminoma
Morphologically the same as male testicular seminoma
Krukenberg tumor
Ovarian tumor which is mets from primary GI tract malignancy
Incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 6-10 times greater in patients with H/O PID
True
Tuboovarian abscesses can stimulate growth of which other masses
Endometrial cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, ectopic preg
The parietal peritoneum is also referred to as
Peritoneum, perimetrium and serous coat
Other names for post cul de sac
Rectouterine pouch,
Pouch of Douglas
Portion of the Fallopian tube that connects to the uterine wall:
Interstitial area
Inner layer of Fallopian tube
Mucous layer
Which is the ligament that connects the ovary to the broad ligament
Mesovarian ligament
Where does the right ovarian vein drain into
IVC
Where does the left ovarian vein drain into?
Left renal vein
Where do the ovarian arteries arise from?
Anterolaterally from Aorta. Inf to renal arteries and superior to Inf mesenteric A.
The muscles that make up the pelvic diaphragm are:
Lavatory Ani and coccygeus
What are the lateral landmarks of the true pelvis?
Psoas muscles
Where does the uterine artery arise from?
Hypogastric artery. Aka internal iliac artery
What is retrocession?
Cervix displaced posteriorly
Longest portion of Fallopian tube
Ampulla
Name portions of the Fallopian tube from distal to prod aspect
Fimbria, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, interstitial
Another name for the ovarian fossa
Fossa of weldeyer
Ligament that extends from the Fallopian tube to the side wall of the pelvis is:
Suspensory ligament
What are the termination points of the hypogastric artery?
Internal pudendal and inferior gluteal arteries
The fimbria of the Fallopian tube are:
Attached to the ovary and move the egg into the Fallopian tube
Cancer of ovaries commonly mets to
Liver
Most common cause of precocious puberty?
Idiopathic (unknown, spontaneous)
Precocious puberty is defined as:
The early onset of puberty in girls before the age of 8
Turners syndrome is caused by:
A congenital endocrine disorder
Calcification seen in the post menopausal uterus may be:
Foreign bodies
Calcified leiomyomas
Cystic medial necrosis or the arcuate arteries
The RI in the normal post menopausal ovarian artery should be:
> 0.7
Decreased estrogen levels in the post menopausal female may cause:
Osteoporosis
Emotional symptoms
Accelerated atherosclerosis
Standard hormone therapy for post menopausal women who still have their uterus is:
Estrogen and progesterone
Hormone replacement therapy is contraindicated in women with what kind of history?
Endometrial cancer
Breast cancer
Liver disease
The most common cause of bleeding in the post menopausal woman is:
Atrophy of the endometrium
What is the normal endometrial thickness in the post menopausal patient
4-10 mm
Factors in patients with endometrial cancer
Nulliparity
Obesity
Unopposed estrogens
An elevated CA-125 blood level is found in more than ___% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
80
Most common IUD recalled:
Dlakon shield
A follicle that is a good size for aspiration ranges in size from:
18-24 mm
Why is hCG administered while undergoing ovulation induction therapy?
To induce ovulation
During ovulation the basal body temp:
Rises
After administration of hCG, ovulation should occur in approx:
24-36 hrs
How many grades of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome are there?
There is 3
Grade 1- ovaries measure => 6x6 cm
Grade 2- ovaries => 10x10 + nausea and vomit
Grade 3- equal to grade 2 plus one ore more of the following: ascites, pleural effusion, hemoconcentration
Preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle is aka
Proliferative phase
Which hormone is the controlling factor in the activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Estrogen
The secondary follicle matures into the:
Graafian follicle
HCG is produced by the:
Graafian follicle
hCG in the pregnant female is usually at its highest level between:
10-12 weeks
Women on drugs that are phenothiazine derivatives may have a false positive preg test
True
