Fetal Abnormalities

Question 1

Most common open neural tube defect:

Answer 1

Anencephaly

Question 2

Most common site of obstruction in the brain, causing hydrocephalus

Answer 2

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 3

Arnold Chiari type 2

Answer 3

Hydrocephalus
Lumbosacral meningomyelocele
Cerebellar herniation

Question 4

A defectus lamina reuniens is the cause of:

Answer 4

Agenesis of the corpus callosum

Question 5

Four-layered cortex of the fetal skull instead of the usual six-layered cortex describes which anomaly?

Answer 5

Lissencephaly

Question 6

Most common location for an encephalocele to occur:

Answer 6

Occipital region

Question 7

The “Lemon” sign may be an indication of:

Answer 7

Spins Bifida

Question 8

Many fetuses with spina bifida also have:

Answer 8

Hydrocephalus

Question 9

Duplication of the structures in the face and cranium describe:

Answer 9

Diprosopus

Question 10

Malformation of the lymphatic system may cause:

Answer 10

Cystic Hygroma

Question 11

What side of the umbilicus is gastroschisis usually found?

Answer 11

Right

Question 12

Most common type of diaphragmatic hernia:

Answer 12

Foramen of Bochdalek

Question 13

Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

Answer 13

A condition causing hamartomas to form in the lung

Question 14

Most severe type of obstruction in the urinary tract:

Answer 14

PUV

Posterior Urethral Valve

Question 15

Double bubble sign

Answer 15

Duodenal atresia

Question 16

Most common type of dwarfism

Answer 16

Thanatophoric

Question 17

Most common cardiac abnormality

Answer 17

Ventricular septal defect

Question 18

Ebstein’s anomaly

Answer 18

Apically located tricuspid valve, creating an enlarged Rt atrium and small Rt ventricle

Question 19

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 19

Ventricular septal defect
Overriding Aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Possible pulmonary stenosis

Question 20

What does the maternal serum quadruple screen consist of?

Answer 20

Used to asses risk of T21 and open neural tube defects

Alpha-fetoprotein AFP
Unconjugated Estriol uE3
Chorionic Gonadotropin hCG
Dimeric Inhibin-A DIA

Question 21

To avoid possibility of limb shortening defects, it is suggested to perform chorionic villus sampling at or after:

Answer 21

10 wks gest

It is performed to determine fetal karyotype

Question 22

Best site for CVS is:

Answer 22

Chorion Frondosum

Question 23

An increase in MSAFP levels may be associated with:

Answer 23

Neural tube defects
Multiple pregnancies
Chromosomal abnormalities

Question 24

hCG and DIA are usually_______ with Down syndrome

Answer 24

Higher

Question 25

Most common reason to perform fetal blood sampling:

Answer 25

To confirm abnormal results obtained from amniocentesis or CVS

Question 26

Which sites are used to perform fetal blood sampling

Answer 26

Site of cord insertion into the placenta
Fetal heart
Fetal intrahepatic veins

Question 27

Strongest maternal serum indicator for trisomy 18

Answer 27

Estriol. (uE3)