Pelvic and Hip Trauma

Question 1

What pelvic arch is the larger arch composed of iliac wings and sacrum suspended by some of the
strongest (sacroiliac) ligaments in the body?

Answer 1

Posterior arch

Question 2

What pelvic arch is the smaller arch: pubic and the ischium bones connected by pubic ligaments and the symphysis pubis?

Answer 2

Anterior arch

Question 3

What 3-bony pelvic ring-lines are required for fracture evaluation to establish continuity or disruption?

Answer 3

Pelvic inlet and both obturator foramen

Question 4

What is the most common cause of pelvic fractures?

Answer 4

Car crash

Question 5

What type of pelvic fracture is classified as a single break and is the most common type of pelvic fracture?

Answer 5

Stable pelvic fracture

Question 6

What type of pelvic fracture is classified as a break and/or disruption in 2-places or more?

Answer 6

Unstable pelvic fracture

Question 7

Who are most prone to an Apophyseal avulsion fracture of the hip and pelvis?

Answer 7

physically active adolescents and young adults (14-25 year olds)

Question 8

How does an apophyseal avulsion occur?

Answer 8

Sudden, forceful muscular contraction

Question 9

What type of pelvic fracture is a stable iliac wing fracture resulting from a direct blow?

Answer 9

Duverney fracture

Question 10

What type of pelvic fracture is unstable and involves vertical shear force, ipsilateral hemipelvic fracture through ipsilateral pubic rami and sacroiliac joint or sacral ala, and is the most common 1/3 of all pelvic fractures

Answer 10

Malgaigne fracture

Question 11

What is the clinical manifestation of Malgaigne fracture?

Answer 11

short limb on the side of fracture

Question 12

What type of pelvic fracture results from lateral compression force (car accidents) and vertically-orientated fractures through the superior and inferior pubic rami on one side?

Answer 12

Bucket handle fracture

Question 13

With Bucket handle fracture, what side of the body does sacro-iliac joint disruption occur in?

Answer 13

Contralateral

Question 14

What kind of pelvic fracture occurs classically through the superior pubic rami and ischiopubic junction bilaterally and is often accompanied by a serious bladder and urethral injury?

Answer 14

Straddle pelvic fracture

Question 15

What kind of pelvic fracture is due to forced separation of the posterior ring through one or both sacroiliac joints with disruption of the pubis symphysis and anterior ring diastasis?

Answer 15

Sprung-pelvis fracture-dislocation

Question 16

What is another name for Sprung-pelvis fracture-dislocation?

Answer 16

Open-Book pelvis

Question 17

Who are predisposed to proximal femur fractures?

Answer 17

old, osteoporotic patients

Question 18

In the elderly, what is usually the cause of a proximal femur fracture?

Answer 18

Low impact trauma

Question 19

What kind of proximal femur fracture is important because of their propensity to damage the small intracapsular vessels that provide the majority of the blood supply to the femoral head as seen in subcapital, mid and basi-cervical fractures?

Answer 19

Intra-capsular fractures

Question 20

What kind of proximal femur fracture does not usually cause vascular damage?

Answer 20

Extracapsular fractures

Question 21

Give 2 examples of extra-capsular fractures?

Answer 21

Trochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures

Question 22

What type of classification is of Femoral neck fractures used to determine and predict stability and associated complications with required treatment of subcapital neck fractures?

Answer 22

Garden classification

Question 23

What is the key feature for Garden classification?

Answer 23

Whether the fracture is intra or extra-capsular

Question 24

What type of Garden classification is incomplete and minimally displaced?

Answer 24

Type 1

Question 25

What type of Garden classification is complete and non-displaced?

Answer 25

Type 2

Question 26

What type of Garden classification is complete and partially displaced?

Answer 26

Type 3

Question 27

What type of Garden classification is completely displaced with no engagement of the 2 principal fragments?

Answer 27

Type 4

Question 28

What kind of hip may dislocate more readily and with lesser force?

Answer 28

Prosthetic hips

Question 29

What is the most common hip dislocation (85%)?

Answer 29

Posterior hip dislocation

Question 30

What nerve can posterior hip dislocations damage?

Answer 30

Sciatic nerve

Question 31

In what plane do isolated Sacral fractures usually occur in?

Answer 31

Transverse

Question 32

What sign is often seen in a radionuclide bone scan with a sacral fracture?

Answer 32

Honda sign