PEersonality and wellbeing Flashcards
definition;
“the combination of feeling good and functioning well; the experience of positive emotionssuch as happiness and contentment as well as the development of one’s potential, having some control over one’slife, having a sense of purpose, and experiencing positive relationships” (Huppert, 2009).
subjective wellbeing
life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect.
psychological wellbeing
Positive relations, autonomy, enviormental mastery, purpose in life, self acceptance, personal growth.
4 consequences of the medical model
pyschology became pathologisers, we forgot about improving normal, no more positive interventions, human ability to thrive.
resilience definiton
“A pattern of positive adaptation in the context of past or present adversity” (Wright & Masten, 2005)” “Resilience … is defined as typical development in the face of adverse circumstances that propel others to deleterious outcomes” (Deater-Deckard, Ivy & Smith, 2005)
Garmezy 1974 resilience research
among these children at high risk for psychopathology was a subset of children who has a surpisingly healthy subset of adaptive patterns.
resilience heritable?
Resiliance is considered heritible, has distinctive qualities or aspects of personality which are stable over time.
Wagnild 1993
resiliance as a positive personality characteristic that enhances individual adaptation, 25 item scale consists of 5 components: equanimity, preseverance, self resiliance, meaningful, existential aloneness.
CD-RISC
connor davidson 2003, widely used to measure resilience, contents drawn from many studies, also veen used to asses the resiliance as a personality trait.
A03 for relience as a trait; Wagnild 1990
: balanced perspective of life,
perseverance, self-reliance, and attributing a meaning to
life
A03 resilience is trait; riolli 2002
positive relationship
between resilience and openness to experience,
conscientiousness, and extraversion, and negatively
related to neuroticism
relience as trait support; Davey
High self-worth correlated with extraversion, friendliness
and openness to new experiences (Davey et al. 2003)
Support for relience as trait; silk
Silk et al (2007): role of social,
familial and biological
influences that would lead to
the progressive development
of resilience, which becomes
stable over time from a
certain age
Resilience as a process; rutter
“people can only become resilient in the presence of adversity and that this dynamic process can vary in different contexts”
resilience as a process Gillespie
“resilience is the process ofstruggle against hardship and can be learned at any age”
Broffenbrenner social ecological systems theory 1989;
the environment surrounding children, adolescents, or youth influence their cognitive and their cognitive developmetns * individuals interact with their social surroundings and adapt in face of adversity.
Sameroff 2009; resilience as process
transactional relationship between invironment and individual. Mechanism of sensitisation; relisiliance degrades as a result of accumulated truama.
Foisson 2013
130 jewsih children in ww2 who were hidden, resiliance and trauma levels measures. Found higher trauma levels carreid low levels of resiliance.
The resilience enhancement programme for students
Trait + process - normal adaptive proccess - there is potential to be “resilant like” - “Results of the meta-analysis provide important insights into the various pathways through which people build well-being in their lives” (Anglim et al., 2020, p. 279)
REPS; findings (self efficacy)
Self efficacy, coping mechanisms, stress appraisal and social skill are some of the individual things that promote resiliance. However family and community ties such as stable caregiving and attachment and religion. (also good social life).
Bio determinents of resilience
genetic factors; polymorphed genotype MAOA, or 5-HTT (serotonin transporter). Bio factors; activating hypothalamic pituitary adrenal gland (HPA), kloet et al 2005.
Family/friendships with resilience
Stable family environments and supportive relationships associated with resilience following child maltreatment (Afifi & MacMillan 2011). Van Harmelen et al 2017 found that adolescent frinedship support positively promoted immediate and future resilience, but not adolescent family.
personality and mental health (Lamers)
N = r -0.52 E = r0.27 A = r.023
Kotov neuroticsim research
Neuroticisim positively linked to most mental health disorders tested, conscientousness negatively linked. Substance abuse showes high disinhibtion (low conscientiousness) and lower agreeableness. Openness unrelated, shows links of traits to mental health.
