Peers Flashcards
Two or more persons who are operating at similar levels of behavioral complexity - social equals
Peer
___ ____’s work with rhesus monkeys.Both groups socially abnormal. Mother only avoided peers and were aggressive through adulthood. Peer only clung to peers and mutually attached to one another. Aggressive outside of peer group, highly agitated over minor stresses.
Peer vs. Parental Influence: Harlow’s Monkey Research
Sociability in ____. Babies are interested in other babies….babbling, smiling, offering toys, gesturing
Sociability in infancy
Sociability in ____. View peers as responsive toys…coordinated interactions with age mates… play has strong verbal component
Sociability in toddlerhood.
Sociability in ____. Nonsocial play, parallel play, associative play, and cooperative play. Parten (1932)
Sociability in preschool
Sociability in ____. “Peer groups”: (1) interact on reg basis, (2) define sense of belonging, (3) formulate norms or appearance and behavior, (4) develop structure and organization.
Sociability in middle childhood.
Sociability in ____. Cliques: small group (2-8) of friends who share common interests and activities.
crowds: large, reputation ally-based peer group who may or may not interact on a regular basis
Sociability in adolescence
Parten (1932) playing alone or observing or not playing at all
Nonsocial activities
Parten (1932) playing near other children but not interacting but copying actions
Parallel play
Parten (1932) children are interested in other people but not in coordinating play together, interaction, but actives aren’t in sync
Associative play
Parten (1932) child is interested in the people playing and the activity they are partaking in. Organized play, participants have assigned roles
cooperative roles
Small group (2-8) of friends who share common interests and activities
Cliques
Large, reputationally-based peer group who may or may not interact on a regular basis
Crowds
“name three kids in your class you would most like to play with”
“name three kids in your class you would least like to play with”
The kids know themselves best
Most reliable version of data
Sociometric Procedure
Sociometric categories. Rated by many children as someone they would most like to spend time with.
Popular
Sociometric categories. Rated by many children as someone they would least like to spend time with
Rejected
Sociometric categories. Not mentioned by many children on the survey
neglected
Sociometric categories. Some children would like to spend time with them, others would not like to
controversal
Social ____. Do people notice you?
____ = liking score + disliking score
Social impact. Do people know you?
Social _____. Do your peers like you as a person?
____ = liking score - disliking score
Social Preference. Do your peers like you as a person?
Behavioral aspects of ____. Calm, outgoing, friendly, initiate interactions, kind, solve disputes
Popular
Behavioral aspects of ____. Passive, shy, lack on social assertiveness, lack social skills
neglected
Behavioral aspects of ____: – –. Physical or relational aggression towards peers. Interpret hostility in other’s behaviors, overestimate social standing
Aggressive Rejected
Behavioral aspects of ____: – – socially awkward and anxious. Aware of their social standing, withdraw from peers, most likely victims of bullying
Withdrawn Rejected
