Media and Schools Flashcards
tv is not bad, it’s more a waste of time than anything else
influence of television, is TV bad for children?
ability to understand what’s happening on TV programs (being able to interpret info presented on TV)
What is television literacy?
- preschoolers can’t determine the casual chain => focus more on actions v. intentions
- <7 y/o: don’t understand TV isn’t real (characters act the same in real life)
- 8 y/o: know TV is not real, but it’s an accurate portrayal of real life
How does television literacy develop over time?
catharsis hypothesis: watching violent TV reduces aggressive impulses
social learning hypothesis: watching TV increases aggression bc of emotional arousal, aggressive models, and reductions of inhibitions of aggression (has more empirical support)
How do the catharsis hypothesis and the social learning hypothesis explain the impact of TV violence on aggression?
The role of TV violence on aggression. (1/3) forms of research.
watch violent film and then observe in a place where they can be aggressive
- watching violence increases violence*
criticisms: not how it would be in real life, of course they’ll be aggressive when there is no punishment
The role of TV violence on aggression research form: Lab experiments
The role of TV violence on aggression. (1/3) forms of research.
manipulate violence of TV in real world and measure effects on people
- preschoolers were more aggressive after watching aggressive TV*
criticisms: we don’t know what else was going on in their houses that could have been influencing them
The role of TV violence on aggression research form: Field experiments
assess the relationship between kids’ TV viewing and aggression
- positive relationship between watching violent TV and aggression*
criticisms: aggressive kids might pick violent shows
The role of TV violence on aggression research form: Correlational studies
people who watch violent TV will become less aroused, and more tolerant by violence
desensitization hypothesis:
the belief that the world is more frightening and dangerous than it is (fostered by violent tv watching)
mean-world belief
media influences the child
Cultivation theory:
child influences the media
Uses and gratifications approach
child and media influence each other
Media practice model
sex roles and ethnic stereotypes
How are social stereotypes influenced by media?
kids who watch prosocial TV are more likely to behave prosocially
research found regarding prosocial TV (such as Sesame Street)
16% by internet/text, 23% by cyberbullying.
children either pretend to ignore it, ignore it, bully back
How prevalent is cyberbullying? in this study or wateva phil voice
boys who play violent video games v watching them were much more aggressive
studies on influence of violent video games on aggression?
schools that are successful at achieving curricular and noncurricular objectives (regardless of ace, ethnicity, SES of students)
An effective school
NOT involved:
- money
- class size
- school size
- tracking
Involved: -composition of student body (^ concentration of ^ SES students) -Scholastic Atmosphere academic emphases (assigned/checked hw) classroom management discipline teamwork -Authoritative teachers
Effective schools
____ study. – and – 1968. teacher’s expectations have a greater influence on how the child actually performs
Rosenthal and Jacobsen (1968) demonstrate with their Pygmalion in the Classroom study
- classroom instruction (asian cultures spend more time in class)
- Parental involvement (asians have higher expectations, more teacher parent communication in asian cultures)
- Student involvement (asians are assigned and complete more hw)
- Strong emphasis on effort (US believes intelligence is reflected by grades v effort
cultural differences between education systems in Asian counties and the US that may account for differences in academic achievement
