Peer Teaching Exam Questions Flashcards
What is the definition of inflammation?
A local physiological response to injury
4 processes that can happen at the end of acute inflammation? (PROS)
- Progession to chronic inflammation
- Resolution
- Organisation
- Supparation
Most common type of chronic inflammation?
Primary chronic inflammation
Other types of chronic inflammation?
- Transplant rejection
- Progession from acute
- Recurrent episodes of acute
Define a granuloma?
an aggregate of epithelioid histiocytes
You suspect a patient has Sarcoidosis, which blood marker do you investigate?
ACE - released by granulomas
3 components of Virchow’s triangle?
- Stasis of blood flow
- Endothelial injury
- Hypercoagulability
Classes of drug used to treat arterial thrombosis?
anti-platelets e.g. aspirin, clopidogrel
Classes of drug used to treat venous thrombosis?
anti-coagulants e.g. warfarin, heparin, NOAC
Name of a benign neoplasm of the secretory epithelium?
Adenoma
Name of a benign neoplasm of connective tissue?
Sarcoma
Most common cancers that spread to bone? (BLT KP)
Breast, lung, thyroid, kidney, prostate
Sequence of events for a metastasis to occur? (Isaac Is Easygoing And Extremely Annoying)
Invasion - erosion of tissue boundaries by enzymes secreted
Intravasion - gain access to metastatic routes e.g. blood, lymph
Evasion of host defence
Adherence - to endothelium
Extravasation - colonisation of new site
Angiogenesis - develops own blood supply
4 drug targets? (TIER)
- Transporters
- Ion channels
- Enzymes
- Receptors
Difference between tolerance and desensitisation?
Tolerance - reduction in drug effect over time
Desensitisation - receptors become degraded
What class of drug is Candesartan?
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Which common condition often diagnosed in childhood is a contraindication of beta-blockers? why?
asthma - beta-blockers cause bronchoconstriction
What do NSAIDs inhibit? What is the result?
COX-1 enzyme
Prevents conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2
In the average 70kg male there is how much water in L?
42
In the average 70kg male there is how much water is in the ICF in L?
28
In the average 70kg male there is how much water is in the ECF in L?
14
In the average 70kg male there is how much water is in the interstitial fluid of the ECF in L?
11
In the average 70kg male there is how much water is in the plasma of the ECF in L?
3
4 stages of pharmacokinetics?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
