PEDS - RDS Flashcards
What are the three components of cardiopulmonary arrest in children?
Respiratory, cardiac, and circulatory
Most pediatric cardiac arrest events are do to what?
Respiratory problems
What is the pediatric assessment triangle?
Appearance, Breathing and Circulatory Status
What is the ABCDEs of assessment of PED patients for respiratory?
Airway, breathing, circulation, disability (unresponsiveness of CNS), and Exposure
Somnolence or lethargy in a kid suggests what?
Severe hypoxia and hypercarbia
What is going on when the kid is grunting when they are struggling to breath? What are they trying to do?
Open up the airways
What is the initial response to respiratory compromise and what is the second response?
Initial response is tachypnea.
As it progresses, RR becomes slower and irregular
What kind of shift does a tension pneumothorax cause?
Causes a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side and compresses the heart and good lung
What three things are hallmark to tension pneumothorax?
Ipsilateral chest hyper expansion
Decreased or absent breath sounds on side of collapsed lung
Hyper resonance over collapsed lung
What is Beck’s triad for cardiac tamponade?
Muffled heart sounds, JVD distention and hypotension
Little kid presents with sore throat, difficulty swallowing and hoarse voice, what is most likely the diagnosis?
Retropharyngeal and peritonsilar abscess
When we hear stridor in a kid, what are we thinking?
Coup
Croup is the most common cause of what?
Infectious airway obstruction in kids 6-36 months
What is the most common cause of croup?
Parainfluenza virus
What is the x ray hallmark of croup?
Steeple
What is the most common cause of epiglottitis?
H influenza type b
Most common cause of bronchiolitis in kids?
RSV
What is the most common cause of anaphylaxis in kids, 2 things?
Foods and meds
What is the medicine of choice for anaphylaxis?
Epi
Explain FB ball/valve on image?
They have a foreign body in the right main stem bronchi. When they breathe in on x ray it expands just fine, but then they expire, the air is trapped so that side is over expanded. So think about this on a history of kid swallowing something.
3 clinical symptoms if upper airway is obstructed by a foreign body?
Stridor, drooling, and choking
What age group is most common for foreign body obstruction?
1-3
What object did he specifically talk about being a danger as a foreign body and why?
Button batteries because they can corrode very quickly.
What congenital or acquired diseases did he talk about leading to respiratory distress?
CNS or neuromuscular problems can lead to respiratory distress because of chronic hypoventilation
There is a clinical triad in kids with sickle cell disease that causes a specific syndrome. What is the triad and disease?
Sudden onset respiratory distress, new infiltrate on CXR and fever equals acute chest syndrome
