Head And Neck Cancers

Question 1

Head and neck cancers are typically what in origin?

Answer 1

Squamous cell in origin

Question 2

Nasopharyngeal cancer is more commonly seen where in the world, 2 places?

Answer 2

Mediterranean and Far East.

Question 3

What are the two most common risk factors for head and neck cancers?

Answer 3

Alcohol and smoking

Question 4

What is a big time risk factor for oral cancers?

Answer 4

Smokeless tobacco

Question 5

What are two other potential carcinogens for head and neck cancer?

Answer 5

Marijuana and occupational exposures.

Question 6

What infection is frequently associated with nasopharyngeal cancer?

Answer 6

EBV

Question 7

Besides EBV, what are two other associations with nasopharyngeal cancer?

Answer 7

Eating salted fish and in door pollution

Question 8

What etiology are we thinking with oropharynx cancer?

Answer 8

HPV 16

Question 9

What age of patient population are we dealing with in HPV related oropharyngeal cancer?

Answer 9

Younger patient population

Question 10

Most tobacco related head and neck cancers occur in what age of patients? Which gender is more likely to get head and neck cancers?

Answer 10

60s

Male

Question 11

What is an area of clinical presentation with nasopharynx cancers?

Answer 11

Obstruction of the ear canal, so ear pain

Question 12

What is an early symptom of laryngeal carcinoma?

Answer 12

Hoarseness

Question 13

What are two symptoms of advanced head and neck cancers he mentioned?

Answer 13

Weight loss and trismus

Question 14

What tumor classification of head and neck represents invasion of an adjacent structure?

Answer 14

T4

Question 15

How do we classify head and neck cancers for the intent of treatment?

Answer 15

Local or regionally advanced disease

Question 16

How are we going to treat local cancers?

Answer 16

Surgery or radiation by curative intent

Question 17

What is the preferred therapy for laryngeal cancer?

Answer 17

Radiation

Question 18

What is the preferred therapy for oral cavity?

Answer 18

Surgery

Question 19

What do we mean when we say regionally advanced cancer?

Answer 19

We have a primary tumor and lymph node involvement

Question 20

What is the most common way to treat regionally advanced cancer?

Answer 20

Combo of chemo and radiation

Question 21

What is a approach we need to think about with regionally advanced and involving surgery?

Answer 21

We might be able to shrink the tumor down with chemo and radiation and then it be small enough to remove with surgery.

Question 22

What can lower the incidence of head and neck cancers?

Answer 22

Fruits and vegetables

Question 23

What has been shown to be protective against head and neck cancers?

Answer 23

Carotenoids and retinoids

Question 24

What does the term field cancerization mean?

Answer 24

Because of the structure and anatomy of the upper airways, carcinogens are essentially sprayed everywhere so lots of tissue can be exposed.

Question 25

What are two options for laryngectomized patients?

Answer 25

Electrolarynx and talking tracheostomy (synthetic vocal cords)