PEDS - Asthma Flashcards
2 essentials to diagnosing asthma?
Reversibility of airway obstruction via bronchodilator or spontaneously
Limitation of airflow on pulmonary function testing
5 symptoms of asthma?
Cough, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, prolonged exhalation
2 pathophysiology things he wants us to know about asthma airway?
Tightened/constricted smooth muscle
Inflammation of the airway wall with mucus
Patho Physiology of what is triggering the asthma event he wants us to know?
Mast cells leading to luekotriene causing broncho constriction.
Eosinophils and Th2 cells are part of the picture.
What is the atopic triangle?
Asthma, allergies, and eczema
Two histo markers of prolonged status asthmaticus?
Curschmann spirals, mucus plugs
Charcot Leyden crystals, eosinophil protein called galectin 10
Most common pathogenesis of asthma? What is the triggering event?
Inhaling an allergen that bugs you
Most important difference between COPD and asthma he wants us to know?
COPD is usually not reversible and asthma is
Young women presents with asthma like symptoms but is not responding to asthma medication and treatment. She is an athlete. What are we thinking the diagnosis is?
Vocal cord dysfunction. Abnormal closure of the vocal cords.
What does a volume loop like like in VCD?
Truncated inspiratory loop. Much less depth.
What are the two features of an obstructive flow volume curve?
Stopped out and prolonged expiratory.
What two things are we prescribing in quick relief/rescue asthma ?
SABA and oral steroids
2 meds of choice for long term control treatment of asthma?
ICS and leukotriene modifiers
8 signs he wants us to know for a patient who respiratory arrest is imminent?
SOB at rest, cant talk, drowsy/confused, RR greater than 30, unable to lay down, paradoxical breathing, wheeze is gone, and bradycardia.
4 things he wants us to know that is intermittent asthma classification?
Symptoms less than or equal to 2 days a week
Symptoms wake you up less than or equal to 2 times per month
Use SABA less than or equal to 2 times per week
Does not interfere with normal activity
When we pass any of those, what is the classification of asthma?
Persistent
What classification of asthma is 0-1 exacerbation requiring oral steroids?
Intermittent
What is 2 or greater events requiring oral steroids, what classification of asthma is that?
Persistent
What are the three things we treat an acute asthma attack with?
Oxygen, SABA, and oral steroids
What is the key to having an asthma action plan actually working?
Educating the parents and kid or patient if adult
What did he say to think of if you have a small kid who is sort of choking and has respiratory symptoms?
Foreign object
Medicine of choice for exercise induced asthma?
SABA
After taking ICS, what must the patient do and why?
Rinse mouth out because of risk for thrush
