Peds Neuronal Development Flashcards
Name three examples that intellectual disability is found genetically
- down syndrome
- fragile X
- cri du chat
Give some examples of acquired intellectual disability
- mom uses etoh while pregnant
- lead poisoning
- decreased t4 while in utero
A patient with an IQ of 70 or greater will have what type of functioning in terms of cognitive skills
- they can live, work, do their ADLs, and live independently
A patient with an IQ of 50- 70 will have what type of cognitive skills?
- they can work, perform their ADLs, but may live in a group home for some assistance
- up to 6th grade intelligence
A patient with an IQ of 35-49 will have what type of cognitive skills?
- can do some ADLs by themselves but will need constant reminders
- Have up to 3rd grade intelligence
A patient with an IQ of 20-34 will have about what level of intelligence?
- preschool level
A patient with an IQ of 20 or less will need?
- total care
How will a patient with autism spectrum disorder present?
- decreased social communication
- no emotion connection
- stereotypy
- have rigid patterns and gets anxiety with chnage
- have restricted interests
What should be ruled out before diagnosing autism spectrum disorder?
- learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities
What is the treatment for autism spectrum disorder?
- special ed and social interaction
How will a patient with ADHD present?
- inattentive
- impulsive
- talks fast, easily distracted, fails to complete tasks
What are the criteria to diagnose ADHD?
- must be present in at least two settings–? like home and school
- age has to be 7-12
- in two settings for at least 6 months
Treatment for ADHD
- stimulants, like methylphenidate
- atomoxetine is second line
What should be ruled out before diagnosing ADHD?
- absence seizures–> maybe the child is spacing out because they are having seizures
Treatment for tic disorder
- D2 receptor antagonists and CBT
What are the criteria to diagnose tic disorder?
- age must be less than 18
- tics must be going on for at least a year
- tics can be verbal or physical
What are some possible things to rule out before diagnosing a learning disability in a child?
- check their hearing, vision
Define enuresis
- the act of urinating in the bed or in his or her clothes
A child less than ___ years old who has never been dry/still wets the bed/clothes is normal.
7
If the child had a dry period for longer than 6 months, what are some things to consider that may be causing the enuresis?
- Is the child acting out?/ Is there a new stressor
- Does the child have an anatomical problem?
- Does the child have an infection?
- Is the child being abused?
In working up a child with enuresis and the child is over 7 or has had a dry period for longer than 6 months, what is the first thing to be ordered?
- U/A
Alarm bells and training are first line treatment for enuresis. What medication can be used to help with enuresis (will not fix the enuresis over time- only help for the time used)?
- vasopressin/ DdaAVP
What age is autism spectrum disorder most likely detected at?
- between 2-4 y/o
define encopresis
- pooping bed/clothes
