Peds Infectious dz

Question 1

Rubeola: Virus?

Answer 1

Paramyxovirus (Measles)

Question 2

Rubeola: Sxs?

Answer 2

Prodrome:
Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis
Fever, Koplik’s Spots

Rash: Head -»> Toe
Maculopapular

Question 3

Rubeola: Dx?

Answer 3

Serology:

IgG, IgM

Question 4

Rubeola: Complications?

Answer 4

Diarrhea
AOM
PNA
Meningitis

Question 5

Rubella: Virus?

Answer 5

Togavirus (German Measles, 3 Day Measles))

Question 6

Rubella: Sxs?

Answer 6

NO prodrome
Fever, Postauricular LAD, Polyarthritis (Teens, Adults)
Truncal Maculopapular Rash

Question 7

Rubella: Dx?

Answer 7

Serology: IgM

Question 8

Rubella: Complications?

Answer 8

Deafness
Cataracts
Heart Defects
Mental Retardation
Liver/Spleen Damage

Question 9

Roseola: Virus?

Answer 9

Human Herpes 6

Question 10

Roseola: Sxs?

Answer 10

Prodrome:
High fever (possibly seizures)

Rash: Immediately post fever
Pink maculopapular, Blanchable
Neck and trunk

Question 11

Roseola: Dx?

Answer 11

Viral cx

Question 12

Erythema Infectiosum: Virus?

Answer 12

Parvovirus B19 (5th Dz)

Question 13

Erythema Infectiosum: Sxs

Answer 13

NO Prodrome, No fever
Slapped cheeks
Itchy, lacy maculopapular rash
Arms -» Trunk -» Legs

Question 14

Erythema Infectiosum: Dx?

Answer 14

Serology

Question 15

Erythema Infectiosum: Complications?

Answer 15

Hydrops Fetalis in pregnancy
Anemia (stops RBC prdxn)
— tx w/ transfusion

Question 16

Mumps: Virus?

Answer 16

Paramyxovirus

Question 17

Mumps: Sxs?

Answer 17

Parotitis

(P) Mild fever

Question 18

Mumps: Dx?

Answer 18

Viral cx or PCR
CBC: leukocytosis
Increased Amylase

Question 19

Mumps: Complications?

Answer 19

Orchitis/Oophoritis
Meningitis
Pancreatitis

Question 20

Coxsackie A: Virus?

Answer 20

Picornavirus

Question 21

Coxsackie A: Sxs?

Answer 21

Febrile Pharyngitis

Question 22

Coxsackie A: Dx?

Answer 22

Viral cx

Question 23

Coxsackie A: Complications?

Answer 23

Meningitis

Hand-Foot-Mouth

Question 24

Hand-Foot-Mouth: Virus?

Answer 24

Coxsackie A

Question 25

Hand-Foot-Mouth: Sxs?

Answer 25

Prodrome: Low fever, malaise, URI sxs Rash: Oral vesicles/ulcers/stomatitis, Vesicular rash hands/feet (don't crust over)

Question 26

Coxsackie Herpangina: Sxs?

Answer 26

Fever Pharyngeal vesicles ▪ painful, grayish-white with red halo

Question 27

HIV: Virus?

Answer 27

Retrovirus: reverse transcriptase (DNA from RNA), | Targets CD4 helper T-cells

Question 28

HIV: Stage 1?

Answer 28

Primary Infection: 2-6 wks post exposure Sxs: Mono or flu sxs, Rash, Ulcers, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia

Question 29

HIV: Stage 2?

Answer 29

Latency: Seroconverts ->> Ab positive Asymptomatic approx 10 yrs

Question 30

HIV: Stage 3?

Answer 30

Body overwhelmed: CD4 count drops

Question 31

EBV: Sxs?

Answer 31

Fever, fatigue/malaise, myalgia Exudative Pharyngitis LAD, Splenomegaly, Palatal petechiae

Question 32

EBV: Dx?

Answer 32

CBC: lymphocytosis Monospot: Ab positive

Question 33

Lyme Borreliosis: Bacteria?

Answer 33

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 34

Lyme Borreliosis: Sxs Initial Infection?

Answer 34

Erythema Migrans (target lesion), myalgias, arthralgias, HA, fatigue. Stage 2: early disseminated infxn, skin lesions, malaise, fever, fatigue, HA, neck pain, myopericarditis, arrhythmias, heart block, aseptic meningitis, Bells Palsy. Stage 3: persistent late infection, arthritis, memory loss, mood changes, sleep disturbances, intermittent paresthesias, acrodermatitis, chronicum atrophicans.

Question 35

Lyme Borreliosis: Sxs 2nd Stage Infection?

Answer 35

Flu sxs Myopericarditis, Arrhythmias, Heart block Meningitis Bells Palsy

Question 36

Lyme Borreliosis: Sxs Late Stage Infection?

Answer 36

Arthritis, Paresthesias Memory loss, Mood changes Sleep disturbances Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans (red/blue swelling ->> atrophy)

Question 37

Lyme Borreliosis: Dx?

Answer 37

Immunofluo/ELISA | Western Blot confirmation

Question 38

Lyme Borreliosis: Tx?

Answer 38

Doxycycline or Cefuroxime.

Question 39

Varicella: Sxs

Answer 39

Mild flu sxs followed by itching | Red macules -> vesicles -> pustules -> crusts

Question 40

Varicella: Infectious when?

Answer 40

Until crusting starts | U 5-7 days after start

Question 41

Erythema Marginatum is?

Answer 41

Rash from Rheumatic Fever | Red margins with normal skin in the middle

Question 42

Candidiasis infections U follow?

Answer 42

ABX | DM

Question 43

Common Candidiasis infections in kids?

Answer 43

Diaper | Thrush

Question 44

Pinworms presentation?

Answer 44

Itching | Vulvovaginitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis, cystitis

Question 45

Diphtheria presentation?

Answer 45

Pseudomembrane (light-reactive, sharp outline) Myocarditis Polyneuropathy Skin lesions (non-specific)

Question 46

Diphtheria dx? Tx?

Answer 46

Cx IV antitoxin PCN, EMC (only helps spread, not tx)

Question 47

Tetanus toxin U found where? Incubation period?

Answer 47

Soil 5-12 days

Question 48

Tetanus presentation: Local? Generalized?

Answer 48

Stiffness in single group of mm ``` Gradual stiffness (U jaw, neck, back) -->> Paroyx spasms ```

Question 49

Tetanus dx? Tx?

Answer 49

Clinical Antitoxin Valium or barbiturates Airway support

Question 50

Salmonellosis U from?

Answer 50

Reptiles | Undercooked meat/eggs

Question 51

Salmonellosis presentation?

Answer 51

DIARRHEA (Gastroenteritis) | HA, N/V, fever/chills

Question 52

Salmonellosis tx?

Answer 52

Supportive if mild gastroenteritis | Ampicillin or Bactrim

Question 53

Shigellosis presentation? Complications?

Answer 53

Fever, malaise, HA -->> Mucus/Blood Diarrhea Metabolite depletion Seizures

Question 54

Shigellosis dx? Tx?

Answer 54

Stool cx Fluids/e- Bactrim if severe U resolves 7-10 days