Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Peds chest: thin walled pulm cysts and adjacent nodules.

A

Respiratory papillomatosis. Caused by HPV.

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2
Q

Abrupt termination of the transvere duodenum.

A

Malroatation.

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3
Q

Name a cause of microcolon.

A

Cystic fibrosis- meconium ileus

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4
Q

bilateral multiple renal masses which compress the normal renal parenchyma

A

nephroblastomatosis

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5
Q

Difference between gastroschesis and omphalocele?

A

omphalocele has a surrounding membrame (better)

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6
Q

Steeple sign

A

Croup

3-6 mos

parainfluenza

barky cough

subglottic trachea swelling

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7
Q

lateral neck “thum sign”

A

epiglottitis

3.5 yrs and teens

kills

H. influenza

swelling of aryepiglottic flolds

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8
Q

linear soft tissue filling defect/membrane in airway of 6-10 year old

A

exudative tracheitis

staph A

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9
Q

What is the next step if you are trying to tell the difference between true retropharyngeal cellulitis/abscess and positioning?

A

Repeat lateral neck xr in extension.

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10
Q

PHACES?

A

Posterior fossa/Dandy Walker

Hemangiomas

Arterial anomalies

Coarctation of aorta, cardiac defects

Eye abnormalities

Subglottic hemangiomas

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11
Q

Newborn chest

“post-term”

A

meconium aspiration

also: “ropy” appearance of asymmetric opacities, hyperinflation (ball-valve), PTX in 20-40%!

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12
Q

Newborn Chest

hx: c-section or DM mother or materal sedation

A

transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)

lack of vag squeeze

starts at 6hrs , peaks at a day, and done by day 3

coarse interstitial marking, fluid in fissures

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13
Q

Newborn Chest

premie with low lung volumes, no pleural eff

A

surfactant deficient disease/RDS

bilateral granular opacities

normal plain film at 6hrs excludes SDD

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14
Q

Newborn Chest

full term version of SDD?

A

neonatal pneumonia

(not beta hemolytic variet which is more common premie and often has pleural eff)

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15
Q

Newborn Chest

linear lucencies

A

pulmonary intersitial emphysema

basically SSD put on a ventilator- about to get a ptx.

mimic: post surfactant therapy

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16
Q

Chronic lung disease/bronchopulomonary dysplasia

A

kiddo that had premature lung disease, was vented, and then has hazy lungs taht progress to coarse, bubble like, and band like opacities.

17
Q

Differences between intralobar sequestration and extralobar?

A

Intra: more common, teen/adult, recurrent pna’s, LLL, rare assoc with devel anomolies

Extra: infancy, resp compromise, assoc anomolies like CCAM, diaphram hern, vertebral, congenital heart

18
Q

BFM peds chest

A

pleuropulmonary blastoma

19
Q

What does congenital CMV look like? (neuro)

A
  • microcephaly
  • ventriculomegally
  • periventricular calcs
  • mineralizing vasculopathy of basal ganglia
20
Q

MC posterior mediatstinal malignancy?

A

Neuroblastoma

calcs and widening of NFs are classic

21
Q

small, hyperlucent lung w/ small hilum and decreased perfusion and

ventilation w/ air trapping

A

Swyer James syndrome

22
Q

Isolated fetal ascites (no other abnormalities).

A

Cytomegalovirus infxn

23
Q

MC Renal tumor under 3 months in age.

A

Mesoblastic nephroma

ddx:

Wilms if kiddo is older

rhabdoid and clear cell sarc older kiddos and rare

RCC in kids 9-14

24
Q

Typical features of achondroplasia?

A
  • bullet-shaped vertebral bodies
  • posterior vertebral body scalloping
  • exaggerated lordosis
  • lumbar spinal stenosis
  • horizontal acetabular roofs
25
Most common posterior mediatstinal mass in child under 2
neuroblastoma
26
Difference between VCUG and nuclear cystography?
The main role of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is to detect VUR [3-6]. Radionuclide cystography (RNC) has a lower absorbed radiation dose than VCUG, but it does not have the spatial resolution needed to identify anatomic abnormalities of the urethra, bladder, and ureters.
27
What percent of retinoblastomas have calcifications on CT?
90-95%