Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Peds chest: thin walled pulm cysts and adjacent nodules.

A

Respiratory papillomatosis. Caused by HPV.

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2
Q

Abrupt termination of the transvere duodenum.

A

Malroatation.

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3
Q

Name a cause of microcolon.

A

Cystic fibrosis- meconium ileus

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4
Q

bilateral multiple renal masses which compress the normal renal parenchyma

A

nephroblastomatosis

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5
Q

Difference between gastroschesis and omphalocele?

A

omphalocele has a surrounding membrame (better)

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6
Q

Steeple sign

A

Croup

3-6 mos

parainfluenza

barky cough

subglottic trachea swelling

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7
Q

lateral neck “thum sign”

A

epiglottitis

3.5 yrs and teens

kills

H. influenza

swelling of aryepiglottic flolds

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8
Q

linear soft tissue filling defect/membrane in airway of 6-10 year old

A

exudative tracheitis

staph A

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9
Q

What is the next step if you are trying to tell the difference between true retropharyngeal cellulitis/abscess and positioning?

A

Repeat lateral neck xr in extension.

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10
Q

PHACES?

A

Posterior fossa/Dandy Walker

Hemangiomas

Arterial anomalies

Coarctation of aorta, cardiac defects

Eye abnormalities

Subglottic hemangiomas

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11
Q

Newborn chest

“post-term”

A

meconium aspiration

also: “ropy” appearance of asymmetric opacities, hyperinflation (ball-valve), PTX in 20-40%!

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12
Q

Newborn Chest

hx: c-section or DM mother or materal sedation

A

transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)

lack of vag squeeze

starts at 6hrs , peaks at a day, and done by day 3

coarse interstitial marking, fluid in fissures

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13
Q

Newborn Chest

premie with low lung volumes, no pleural eff

A

surfactant deficient disease/RDS

bilateral granular opacities

normal plain film at 6hrs excludes SDD

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14
Q

Newborn Chest

full term version of SDD?

A

neonatal pneumonia

(not beta hemolytic variet which is more common premie and often has pleural eff)

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15
Q

Newborn Chest

linear lucencies

A

pulmonary intersitial emphysema

basically SSD put on a ventilator- about to get a ptx.

mimic: post surfactant therapy

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16
Q

Chronic lung disease/bronchopulomonary dysplasia

A

kiddo that had premature lung disease, was vented, and then has hazy lungs taht progress to coarse, bubble like, and band like opacities.

17
Q

Differences between intralobar sequestration and extralobar?

A

Intra: more common, teen/adult, recurrent pna’s, LLL, rare assoc with devel anomolies

Extra: infancy, resp compromise, assoc anomolies like CCAM, diaphram hern, vertebral, congenital heart

18
Q

BFM peds chest

A

pleuropulmonary blastoma

19
Q

What does congenital CMV look like? (neuro)

A
  • microcephaly
  • ventriculomegally
  • periventricular calcs
  • mineralizing vasculopathy of basal ganglia
20
Q

MC posterior mediatstinal malignancy?

A

Neuroblastoma

calcs and widening of NFs are classic

21
Q

small, hyperlucent lung w/ small hilum and decreased perfusion and

ventilation w/ air trapping

A

Swyer James syndrome

22
Q

Isolated fetal ascites (no other abnormalities).

A

Cytomegalovirus infxn

23
Q

MC Renal tumor under 3 months in age.

A

Mesoblastic nephroma

ddx:

Wilms if kiddo is older

rhabdoid and clear cell sarc older kiddos and rare

RCC in kids 9-14

24
Q

Typical features of achondroplasia?

A
  • bullet-shaped vertebral bodies
  • posterior vertebral body scalloping
  • exaggerated lordosis
  • lumbar spinal stenosis
  • horizontal acetabular roofs
25
Q

Most common posterior mediatstinal mass in child under 2

A

neuroblastoma

26
Q

Difference between VCUG and nuclear cystography?

A

The main role of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is to detect VUR [3-6]. Radionuclide cystography (RNC) has a lower absorbed radiation dose than VCUG, but it does not have the spatial resolution needed to identify anatomic abnormalities of the urethra, bladder, and ureters.

27
Q

What percent of retinoblastomas have calcifications on CT?

A

90-95%